https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/risa.13932

Risk–risk governance in a low-carbon future: Exploring institutional,
technological, and behavioral tradeoffs in climate geoengineering pathways

Benjamin K. Sovacool, Chad M. Baum, Sean Low

*Abstract*
Deliberations are underway to utilize increasingly radical technological
options to help address climate change and stabilize the climatic system.
Collectively, these options are often referred to as “climate
geoengineering.” Deployment of such options, however, can create wicked
tradeoffs in governance and require adaptive forms of risk management. In
this study, we utilize a large and novel set of qualitative expert
interview data to more deeply and systematically explore the types of
risk–risk tradeoffs that may emerge from the use of 20 different climate
geoengineering options, 10 that focus on carbon dioxide or greenhouse gas
removal, and 10 that focus on solar radiation management and reflecting
sunlight. We specifically consider: What risks does the deployment of these
options entail? What types of tradeoffs may emerge through their
deployment? We apply a framework that clusters risk–risk tradeoffs into
institutional and governance, technological and environmental, and
behavioral and temporal dimensions. In doing so, we offer a more complete
inventory of risk–risk tradeoffs than those currently available within the
respective risk-assessment, energy-systems, and climate-change literatures,
and we also point the way toward future research gaps concerning policy,
deployment, and risk management.

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