https://publications.jrc.ec.europa.eu/repository/handle/JRC99777


*Geo-engineering: A roadmap towards international guidelines*
SACCO Nicoletta; JANSSENS-MAENHOUT Greet; GALMARINI Stefano; MICHEL Quentin



This report presents a first screening and analysis of the legal and
political framework related to the potential deployment of geo-engineering
interventions.
Geo-engineering (GE) can be defined as the process through which humans
voluntarily manipulate the energy input to the Earth System deploying
natural climate impacting processes by means of available technologies. It
is brought to the attention by the United Nations Intergovernmental Panel
on Climate Change (IPCC) authors as an alternative escape-valve to
counteract the effects and impacts of global warming in the Summary for
Policymakers (IPCC-XXX/Doc. 10) of the IPCC AR5 WGI (2014). The IPCC 2012
meeting established criteria for assessing GE technologies: effectiveness,
feasibility, scalability, sustainability, environmental risks, costs &
affordability, detection & attribution. However, not explicitly addressed
in the document are the legal and political aspects as well as the ethical
and social implications. The challenges to regulate geo-engineering are
large: it took a decade of negotiations to conclude the Law of Sea
Convention and the Protection of the Atmosphere is since 2013 taken up in
the program of the UN International Law Commission (ILC).
This study aims at mapping the legal and political constraints related to
geo-engineering within the extent of an international environmental legal
framework. Thereto, all UN legal documents were screened and confronted
with a series of parameters set in the definition of geo-engineering. The
legal documents most pertinent to geo-engineering (i.e. the United Nation
Framework Convention on Climate Change and the Convention on Biological
Diversity) were evaluated on their potential ability to rule
geo-engineering interventions.

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