Renaud , list, Ken, adding Ye Tao
1. Thanks for bringing the Lightburn paper to our attention.
2. I have read the paper only moderately closely; I find nothing
wrong and find some new ways to both explain the importance of albedo and to
increase it., Also, it seems to have the same general flavor as considerable
similar albedo correspondence on this list of Dr. Ye Tao. So my first.
question is to Dr. Tao - whether there is any part of the Lightburn paper with
which you would take exception?
And hoping then for further dialog between Ken and Dr. Tao.
3. My interest in the topic comes mainly from the CDR approach called
“biochar” - which is generally not now considered part of “Geo”, but I think
can be supportive to albedo increase. One way is emphasizing growth of plants
with higher albedo. But I'm afraid there isn’t much to be gained there. Or,
is there some hope? I have seen one tree with almost white leaves.
4. But there may be hope for a stronger biochar/albedo connection by
emphasizing the use of plants with both high growth rate AND that emit
particles that can increase the quality and quantity of clouds of the right
type. Clearly there are almost no clouds with deserts - where there are no
plants. I believe it is also well established that different types of trees
emit different particles (all emit water), and perhaps some plants are known to
encourage clouds. We seem destined to have plenty of biochar growth in the
near future - and we might as well get as much new albedo as we can.
Where do I find literature on cloud-forming plants?
Ron
> On Dec 15, 2023, at 11:57 AM, Renaud de RICHTER <[email protected]>
> wrote:
>
> Lightburn, Kenneth D. "Can a Symbolic Mega-Unit of Radiative Forcing (RF)
> Improve Understanding and Assessment of Global Warming and of Mitigation
> Methods Using Albedo Enhancement from Algae, Cloud, and Land (AEfACL)?."
> Climate 11.3 (2023): 62. https://doi.org/10.3390/cli11030062
> https://www.mdpi.com/2225-1154/11/3/62/pdf?version=1698835102
> Abstract
>
> By expressing radiative forcing (RF) in a symbolic mega-unit we better
> communicate, to governing organizations and the public, the extent of global
> warming (GW) and the potency of mitigation methods while also ‘translating’
> different GW measures to better explain their interrelationship. An easily
> visualized symbol that has been suggested is the net shading, or mega-unit,
> of RF of a “standard 1 km2 cumulus cloud over one day of −25 W/m2” (ScCd). As
> defined, ScCd is equal to 600,000 kWh and equivalent to Temporary heat
> radiation Equivalent Carbon (ThrEC) of 18,400 tons of carbon heat effect, or
> 67,300 tons of CO2 and an approximately 0.136 albedo increase, over 1 km2.
> Shading over the whole earth caused by clouds is estimated by NASA as −13
> W/m2. The excess of solar radiation or Earth Energy Imbalance (EEI) striking
> the earth was + 1.12 W/m2 in mid-2019 and has been continually increasing.
> Offsetting this requires the creation of additional reflective surfaces
> equivalent to 22.848 million square kilometers of ScCd. Such an increase
> could be provided by albedo enhancement from algae on the ocean surface,
> marine cloud brightening (MCB) or new marine cloud creation, or land area use
> that rejuvenates salt flats and similar locations (AEfACL). These are
> potentially politically acceptable and eventually could be achieved at large
> enough scale to be effective globally.
>
> Keywords:
> albedo enhancement <https://www.mdpi.com/search?q=albedo+enhancement>;
> artificial upwelling <https://www.mdpi.com/search?q=artificial+upwelling>;
> albedo <https://www.mdpi.com/search?q=albedo>; ocean fertilization
> <https://www.mdpi.com/search?q=ocean+fertilization>; radiative forcing
> <https://www.mdpi.com/search?q=radiative+forcing>; global warming
> <https://www.mdpi.com/search?q=global+warming>; mitigation
> <https://www.mdpi.com/search?q=mitigation>; climate change
> <https://www.mdpi.com/search?q=climate+change>; standard cloud
> <https://www.mdpi.com/search?q=standard+cloud>; regenerative agriculture
> <https://www.mdpi.com/search?q=regenerative+agriculture>
>
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