Robert- Thank you for helping promote our common work together. It means a lot to me and, I'm sure, to our colleagues.
Good questions: 1. *Is iron chloride (used for methane oxidation) a viable iron distribution method alongside iron sulfate?* For now I say 'no', because it is distributed as an aerosol, thus the amount that falls into the ocean is too unpredictable--it's a function of rainfall. For the first 10 years or so, we'll need to control the iron distribution carefully, dissolving the iron from the ship so its effects can be measured. We'll probably want to always do that, even though nature distributes the iron quite randomly from dust storms (and wildfires like in Australia in 2019). However, reports (personal communication) from the 2012 Haida test suggest that fine iron oxide works at least as well as iron sulfate. That's food for thought. 2. *Do we need to tackle albedo (solar radiation management, or SRM) in coordination with rapid CO2 removal?* I express that thought this way: *SRM can only be considered after we've committed to restoring safe CO2 levels.* That is because while CO2 levels are increasing, the termination shock (rapid warming when SRM is halted for any reason), would lead to a bad extinction event. Extinction events tend to be related to rapid warming, and SRM termination under today's net-zero policy would lead to warming of 1-2 degrees in 1-2 years, 100 to 1000 times faster than during previous extinction events <https://www.e-education.psu.edu/earth103/node/639#:~:text=The%20PETM%20involved%20more%20than,of%20carbon%20into%20the%20atmosphere.> (also here <https://www.google.com/search?q=how+fast+did+the+planet+warm+during+extinction+events&sca_esv=ac6fa508b23b1f1a&sxsrf=AM9HkKkH2CCKGX8g4Vf1RxmotpkJ6xcVgQ%3A1703221717858&ei=1RmFZYD3M9yMwbkPnPeruA4&ved=0ahUKEwjAtd2ro6KDAxVcRjABHZz7CucQ4dUDCBA&uact=5&oq=how+fast+did+the+planet+warm+during+extinction+events&gs_lp=Egxnd3Mtd2l6LXNlcnAiNWhvdyBmYXN0IGRpZCB0aGUgcGxhbmV0IHdhcm0gZHVyaW5nIGV4dGluY3Rpb24gZXZlbnRzMgUQIRirAjIFECEYqwJIhSBQpAxY5x1wAXgBkAEAmAGrAaABxBKqAQQwLjE3uAEDyAEA-AEBwgIKEAAYRxjWBBiwA8ICBRAhGKABwgIFECEYnwXiAwQYACBBiAYBkAYI&sclient=gws-wiz-serp#:~:text=Thresholds%20of%20temperature,nature%20communications%20%E2%80%BA%20articles> ). The termination shock is quite likely to happen as today's collapse of ecosystems, political systems, social systems and economics systems accelerate exponentially. So statistically, it's a very bad bet for humanity unless we're restoring CO2 levels. *Without restoration, we're far better off with gradual warming and without the extinction event that SRM termination would likely cause.* However: If we're restoring CO2 levels, then the risk of termination shock will be essentially prevented. This is because oceans and ecosystems would be recovering every year--leading to our social systems steadily recovering each year. After 15 or 20 years no SRM would be needed at all because CO2 and global warming would be back to what it was 50-100 years ago. So I urge everyone to discuss climate restoration, not SRM. Only allow SRM after climate restoration has become the climate goal. It's life or death. The experts I talk to (David Keith and Doug MacMartin) agree that it would only take 2-5 years to implement SRM, once CO2 restoration has been started. Thank you for asking. I welcome any further questions. Peter On Thu, Dec 21, 2023 at 4:59 PM <[email protected]> wrote: > Dear Peter > > > > Your webinar is superb! I hope everyone can watch it at > https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o1dI3_zJlqI and donate to your Grandparents > Fund <https://www.peterfiekowsky.com/grandparents-fund>. Sharing your > email below. > > > > Your Biden Project to get President Biden to call for climate restoration > can, as you say, catalyse a UN policy shift from stopping interference to > climate restoration. > > > > Your Pinatubo Project to get interested nations to test iron for fisheries > restoration will generate excellent data under sound and safe governance. > > > > I have two questions. > > > > Do you see iron chloride as a viable initial distribution method alongside > iron sulphate? > > > > Do you agree we need to tackle the immediate albedo problem of the > darkening of the planet in coordination with the carbon restoration journey? > > > > Many thanks > > > > Robert Tulip > > Rebrighten.org <https://rebrighten.org/> > > > > *From:* Peter Fiekowsky <[email protected]> > *Sent:* Friday, December 22, 2023 5:52 AM > *To:* Robert Tulip <[email protected]> > *Subject:* Miss the webinar? Catch the video! > > > > Peter > Fiekowsky > > > > > > > > > *Can't see this message? View in a browser > <https://www.peterfiekowsky.com/so/39OoDIAtu/c?w=CcECDuZjmovLiIQhJYvSB-m2d9WkpPVaTkPBVoE5Gyo.eyJ1IjoiaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cucGV0ZXJmaWVrb3dza3kuY29tL3NvLzM5T29ESUF0dT9sYW5ndWFnZVRhZz1lbiIsIm0iOiJtYWlsIiwiYyI6ImE4NDE3MGFkLWNmZmItNDBhZS1hNjhhLTFiOWU3NTMyMGIyZCJ9>* > > > > > > > > *Dear Robert,* > > > > Wow! > > > > The response to our end-of-year webinar was overwhelming! > > > > More people wanted to join Restoring a Safe Climate for Future Generations > than we expected, and some couldn't get in. > > > > Those who did said they found it particularly inspiring and cogent--with a > lot of new information. > > > > So we'll be hosting another webinar in January 2024. Stay tuned! > > > > In the meantime, I invite you to *watch the webinar recording here.* > <https://www.peterfiekowsky.com/so/39OoDIAtu/c?w=ve9X1wIfZPF_N0jR-01LrIgA8zextfqE1U1BId4Hq98.eyJ1IjoiaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cueW91dHViZS5jb20vd2F0Y2g_dj1vMWRJM196SmxxSSIsInIiOiJhNmNhZmI1Yy05MGNkLTQzNTAtYWFjMy1iNzcxZGU1YWUxOGEiLCJtIjoibWFpbCIsImMiOiJhODQxNzBhZC1jZmZiLTQwYWUtYTY4YS0xYjllNzUzMjBiMmQifQ> > > > > And...need I remind you that our book makes a perfect gift for anyone > concerned about future generations? You can order copies at Amazon here: > *Climate > Restoration–The Only Future That Will Sustain the Human Race* > <https://www.peterfiekowsky.com/so/39OoDIAtu/c?w=sI7CO0V-gJOQJkkoJ0mAXGAbNV5uo6vGKfGpKuU38QI.eyJ1IjoiaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuYW1hem9uLmNvbS9DbGltYXRlLVJlc3RvcmF0aW9uLUZ1dHVyZS1TdXN0YWluLUh1bWFuL2RwLzE5NTM5NDMxMDEvcmVmPW1vbmFyY2hfc2lkZXNoZWV0IiwiciI6ImE2Y2FmYjVjLTkwY2QtNDM1MC1hYWMzLWI3NzFkZTVhZTE4YSIsIm0iOiJtYWlsIiwiYyI6ImE4NDE3MGFkLWNmZmItNDBhZS1hNjhhLTFiOWU3NTMyMGIyZCJ9>, > or at your favorite bookseller. > > > > Thank you for your commitment to restoring a safe climate. > > > > Yours for humanity flourishing, > > Peter Fiekowsky > > *Los Altos, CA, USA* > <https://www.peterfiekowsky.com/so/39OoDIAtu/c?w=GtNjeLEnkoWYxii6ca9Tpx4GoxWLq0O2ZtP_cyZ6iZk.eyJ1IjoiaHR0cHM6Ly9tYXBzLmdvb2dsZS5jb20vP3E9TG9zK0FsdG9zJTJDK0NBJTJDK1VTQSIsInIiOiIwZjI2NjIwYS04ZDVjLTQ5NTctNTAzNS04NTg4MmY5ZDc0MWQiLCJtIjoibWFpbCIsImMiOiJhODQxNzBhZC1jZmZiLTQwYWUtYTY4YS0xYjllNzUzMjBiMmQifQ> > > *202 415 7441* > 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