https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214629625004104?via%3Dihub=&s=09

*Authors: *Benjamin K. Sovacool, Laurence L. Delina, Ben Martin

*24 September 2025*

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.erss.2025.104329

*Abstract*
Climate change, like other Grand Challenges, raises fundamental issues with
how to ensure the public feel fully involved in developing necessary
interventions. Technology foresight potentially offers a means to achieve
this. This study presents the results of a technology foresight exercise
that explores potential climate futures involving climate interventions
such as carbon removal and solar geoengineering. We utilize an innovative
approach that integrates elements of science and technology foresight with
participatory research—instead, “participatory technology foresight”. Our
empirical analysis concentrates on emerging climate geoengineering
technologies, including direct air capture, bioenergy with carbon capture
and storage, stratospheric aerosol injection, and marine cloud brightening.
Methodologically, we develop an original and comprehensive dataset drawn
from 44 public focus groups in both urban and rural settings across 22
countries. Our analysis identified five distinct yet collective climate
geoengineering futures: A Global Green Belt, Urban Carbon Gardens, A
Scientific Revolution in Soils, Crop Failure and Cancer associated with
stratospheric aerosol injection, and An Interplanetary Sunshield. The study
examines these futures regarding opportunities and threats as well as the
actors involved. The study concludes that participatory technology
foresight provides a particularly valuable tool for fully engaging the
public in developing policies to confront Grand Challenges.

*Source: ScienceDirect *

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