https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=5923846

*Authors: *Alberto Alemanno, Masahiro Sugiyama

*December 15, 2025*

*Abstract*
As the risk of climate overshoot grows, attention increasingly turns to
climate interventions, such as Solar Radiation Modification (SRM) and
Carbon Dioxide Removal (CDR), that is, technologies designed to actively
alter the climate system beyond conventional mitigation and adaptation. The
article addresses questions of institutional legitimacy and recognition
justice, the implications of international legal fragmentation, competing
approaches to risk analysis, the application of precautionary and
prevention principles, market governance of CDR, the role of intellectual
property regimes, and regional perspectives. The most striking tension
centres on how risks should be analysed and compared. Climate intervention
governance does not exist in a vacuum. Still, it is an emerging field
shaped by partial institutional coverage, normative contestation, and
private-sector acceleration against a background of limited public
salience. This article situates climate intervention governance within
broader debates on risk regulation. Building on and critically synthesizing
the contributions published in the European Journal of Risk Regulation’s
Special Issue devoted to the governance challenges posed by SRM and CDR,
the article identifies cross-cutting themes that will shape governance
debates in the coming years. It concludes that climate intervention
governance is ultimately a test case for contemporary risk analysis and
regulation, as well as collective self-governance, under conditions of
radical uncertainty.

*Source: SSRN*

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