https://arc.aiaa.org/doi/abs/10.2514/6.2026-2085

*Authors: *Thomas S. Richardson, Matthew Watson, Duncan Hine, Thomas David,
Mark Simpson, Steve Bullock, Steve Burrow, Mark H. Lowenberg, Tom Rendall
and Arthur Richards

*08 January 2026*

*Abstract*
Monitoring Aerosol Climate Engineering (MACE) is a UK project developing an
autonomous uncrewed aerial system (UAS) for measuring aerosol and cloud
microphysics in hazardous, highaltitude volcanic environments as natural
analogues for Solar Radiation Management (SRM). Volcanic degassing and
eruptive plumes provide real-world testbeds for injection, dispersion,
chemical evolution, and radiative effects relevant to Stratospheric Aerosol
Injection (SAI) and Marine Cloud Brightening (MCB). The project integrates
a new high-altitude fixed-wing airframe with lightweight gas and particle
instrumentation, and AI-enabled real-time plume interception and resampling
to achieve 4D tracking up to 10 km AMSL. Field campaigns planned at Fuego
(Guatemala), Soufrière Hills (Montserrat), and Lascar (Chile) will
characterise aerosol formation, cloud responses, and radiative forcing
across a range of altitudes, whilst establishing rapid-deployment readiness
for future major eruptions. The MACE aircraft will be a modular,
zero-emission monitoring platform for quantifying processes critical to SRM
risk assessment, together with providing a rapid world-wide transportable
volcanic response capability.

*Source: AIAA*

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