https://ar.copernicus.org/preprints/ar-2026-9/

*Authors: *Juha Sulo, Magdalena Okuljar, Joel Alroe, Zijun Li, Eva Johanna
Horchler, Luke Cravigan, Branka Miljevic, Luke Harrison, Daniel Harrison,
and Zoran Ristovski

*16 February 2026*

*Abstract*
The Great Barrier Reef (GBR) is the largest reef ecosystem in the world and
a home to diverse marine life. Lower troposphere aerosol concentrations and
dynamics over the GBR are important for cloud and radiative processes,
however their in-situ characterisation is lacking in the literature. In
this study, we present analysis of multi-year in situ aerosol measurements
over the GBR, showing for the first time direct observations of coral reefs
contributing to aerosol loading over the reef. Our results show that
aerosol concentrations over the GBR are typical of a clean coastal
environment, and the aerosol loading over the GBR is primarily influenced
by long-range transport of aerosol particles. However, a non-negligible
effect from local sources is also observed. The fraction of ultrafine
particles in the aerosol population increases in air masses that pass over
the coral reef ecosystem. Our statistical modelling shows that cloud
condensation nuclei concentrations over the GBR are dominantly driven by
availability of accumulation and Aitken mode aerosol particles with
negligible effects from local meteorology. While accumulation mode particle
concentrations have the strongest impact on cloud condensation nuclei
concentrations, counterfactual modelling shows that Aitken mode
concentrations can contribute up to 6 % of cloud condensation nuclei over
the reef.

*Source: Aerosol Research *

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