Hi Kate:
The book by Dotto and Schiff, Ozone Wars, publish in the 1978s has great
contemporary accounts of the initial science and policy debates in the USA -
although it is largely unreferenced. Brodeur's much later 1986 piece also is
interesting and Jones and Wigley's review from the late 1980s was a great
summary of the potential impacts in that period. Below are those 3 citations
and a list of some other work in the 1970s and 1980s that might provides
different useful perspectives. It includes the original NASA and NRC/NAS
reviews in the 1970s and a smattering of the key scientific articles, some of
the Science News summaries, as well as policy oriented reviews. This list does
not contain the articles in Time or Newsweek that might have some interesting
over- or under-statements. One this that I found talking to many of the people
involved
Dotto, Lydia, and Harold Schiff. 1978. The Ozone War. New
York: Double Day.
Brodeur, Paul. 1986. "Annals of Chemistry: In the Face of
Doubt." The New Yorker, June 9, 70-87.
Jones, Robin Russell, and Tom Wigley. 1988. Ozone Depletion:
Health and Environmental Consequences. New York: John Wiley & Sons.
Allaby, M., and James E. Lovelock. 1980. "Spray Cans: The
Threat that Never Was." New Scientist, July 17, 212-14.
Barrett, J.W., et al. 1988. "Formation of the Antarctic
Ozone Hole by the ClO Dimmer Mechanism." Nature 336:455-57.
Barrie, L.A., et al. 1988. "Ozone Destruction and
Photochemical Reactions at Polar Sunrise in the Lower Arctic Atmosphere."
Nature 334:138-41.
Belsky, Martin H. 1984. "Environmental Policy Law in the
1980's: Shifting Back the Burden of Proof." Ecology Law Quarterly 12:1-88.
Blegen, Bryce. 1988. "International Cooperation in
Protection of Stratospheric Ozone." Denver Journal of International Law
Winter/Spring:413-28
Brennan, Richard P. 1979. "A Soft Aproach to Chlorofluoro-
carbon regulation." Environment 21(April):41-2.
Chemical and Engineering News. 1978. "Union Carbide May Sell
Some Fluorocarbon Assets." Chemical and Engineering News, 13 February, 10.
Cicerone, Ralph J. 1987. "Changes in Stratospheric Ozone."
Science 237:35-42.
Cicerone, Ralph J., Richard S. Stolarski and S. Walters.
1974. "Stratospheric Ozone Destruction by Man-Made Chlorofluorocarbons."
Science 185:1165-68.
Crawford, Mark. 1986. "United States Floats Proposal to Help
Prevent Global Ozone Depletion." Science 234 (21 November, 927 29.
Crawford, Mark. 1987. "EPA to Cut U.S. CFC Production to
Protect Ozone in Stratosphere." Science 238: 1505.
Crutzen, Paul and F. Arnold. 1986. "Nitric Acid Cloud
Formation in the Cold Antarctic Stratosphere: a Major Cause for the Springtime
`Ozone Hole'." Nature 324:651 55.
Davidson, Christine. 1988. "The Montreal Protocol." New York
University Journal of International Law. Spring:793-823.
Doniger, David D. 1988a. "Politics of the Ozone Layer."
Issues in Science and Technology Spring: 86-92.
Doniger, David D. 1988b. "Global Emergency." The
Environmental Forum 5:14, 17 18;
Doolittle, Diane M. 1989. "Understanding ozone depletion:
the meandering road to the Montreal Protocol and beyond." Ecology Law Quarterly
16(May):407-441.
Du Pont. 1986. "Position Statement on the Chlorofluorocarbon
/Ozone/Greenhouse Issue." September. Wilmington, Del.: Du Pont.
Environment Reporter. 1979a. "Ozone Depletion, Skin Cancer
Risk Greater Than 1976 Prediction, NAS Says." Environment Reporter 10(16
November):1521 22.
Environment Reporter. 1979b. "NAS Urges Regulation of CFC
Uses to Protect Ozone, Prevent Skin Cancer." Environment Reporter 10(28
December):1749 50.
Farman, Joseph C., B.G. Gardiner, and J.D. Shanklin. 1985.
"Large Losses of Total Ozone in Antarctica Reveal Seasonal ClO/NO Interaction."
Nature 315:207-10.
Gaberson, William 1988. "Behind Du Pont's Shift on Loss of
Ozone Layer." New York Times. March 27.
Gibbons, Suedeen M. 1978. "Regulations of
Chlorofluorocarbons: phase I." Environment. May.
Glas, Joseph P. 1989. "Protecting the Ozone Layer: A
Perspective from Industry." In J.H. Ausubel and H.E. Sladovich, eds.,
Technology and Environment, pp. 137 57. Washington, D.C.: National Academy
Press.
Gribbin, John. 1988. The Hole in the Sky: Man's Threat to
the Ozone Layer. London: Corgi Books.
Hoffmann, D.J. et al. 1989. "Stratospheric Clouds and Ozone
Depletion in the Arctic During January 1989." Nature 340:117 21;
IMOS. 1975. (Federal Task Force on Inadvertent Modification
of the Stratosphere, 1975). Fluorocarbons and the Environment. Report of the
Federal Task Force on Inadvertent Modification of the Stratosphere. Washington,
D.C.:Government Printing Office.
Jachtenfuchs, Markus. 1990. "The European Community and the
Protection of the Ozone Layer." Journal of Common Market Studies 28:261-77.
Jones, Robin Russell, and Tom Wigley. 1988. Ozone Depletion:
Health and Environmental Consequences. New York: John Wiley & Sons.
McElroy, Michael, J. Salawitch, S.C. Wofsy, and J.A. Logan.
1986. "Reductions of Antarctic ozone due to synergistic interactions of
chlorine and bromine." Nature.
(321)19 June:759-62.
Miller, Alan S. 1982. "The Ozone Layer Revisited: Deep
Thoughts About Thin Air." Environmental Law: Quarterly Newsletter of the
Standing Committee on Environmental Law, American Bar Association, Fall: 5.
Molina, Mario J., and F. Sherwood Rowland. 1974.
"Stratospheric Sink for Chlorofluoromethanes: Chlorine Atomic Catalyzed
Destruction of Ozone." Nature 249(28 June):810-12.
Morrisette, Peter. 1989. "The Evolutionary Policy Response
to Stratospheric Ozone Depletion." Natural Resource Journal 29:793 820.
NASA. 1977. Chlorofluoromethanes and the Stratosphere.
Washington: Scientific and Technical Information Office, National Aeronautics
and Space Administration.
NRC. 1976a. National Research Council, Committee on Impacts
of Stratospheric Change. Halocarbons: Effects on Stratospheric Ozone.
Washington: NRC.
NRC. 1976b. National Research Council, Committee on Impacts
of Stratospheric Change. Halocarbons: Environmental Effects of
Chlorofluoromethane Release. Washington: NRC.
NRC. 1979a. National Research Council, Committee on Impacts
of Stratospheric Change. Stratospheric Ozone Depletion by Halocarbons:
Chemistry and Transport. Washington: NRC.
NRC. 1979a. National Research Council, Committee on Impacts
of Stratospheric Change. Protection Against Depletion of Stratospheric Ozone by
Chlorofluorocarbons. Washington: NRC.
NRC. 1982. National Research Council, Committee on Chemistry
and Physics of Ozone Depletion and the Committee on the Biological Effects on
Increased Solar Ultraviolet Radiation. Causes and Effects of Stratospheric
Ozone Reduction: An Update. Washington: NRC.
Postel, Sandra. 1986. Altering the Earth's Chemistry:
Assessing the Risks. Worldwatch Paper 71, July 1986. Washington: Worldwatch
Institute.
Rowland, F. Sherwood. 1990. "Stratospheric ozone depletion
by Chlorofluorocarbons." AMBIO 19:281 92.
Science News. 1974a. "The Shuttle's Environment watcher."
Science News 13 July, 26.
Science News. 1974b. "Freon: Destroying the Ozone Layer?"
Science News 21 September, 180 81.
Science News. 1974c. "Propellants: New Actors in
Troposphere." Science News 4 October.
Science News. 1974d. "NAS Launches Study of Fluorocarbons."
Science News 30 November, 341.
Science News. 1975a. "Task Force to Study Ozone Problem."
Science News 15 February, 100 1.
Science News. 1975b. "End of Aerosol Age? Federal Report
Says Probable." Science News 21 June, 396 97.
Science News. 1975c. "Propellants: New Actors in
Troposphere." Science News 4 October.
Science News. 1976a. "Ozone Drop Supports Depletion Theory."
Science News 17 January, 38.
Science News. 1976b. "To Ban or not to Ban: Data for the
Ozone Question." Science News 20 March, 180.
Science News. 1976c. "Rumor and Confusion Follow Ozone
Theory Revision." Science News 8 May, 292.
Science News. 1976d. "Ozone Controversy's Uncertain
Uncertainty." Science News 11 September, 166 7.
Science News. 1976e. "Aerosols, Ozone and the NAS: Delay
Urged." Science News 18 September, 181.
Science News. 1976f. "Agencies to Ban Fluorocarbon Sprays."
1976. Science News 23 October, 262 3.
Science News. 1977. "Ozone: A World Plan of Action."
Science News, 12 March 1977, 166.
Science News. 1978. "Air Samples Reveal New Threat to
Ozone." Science News 23 September, 212.
Science News. 1979. "Ozone Depletion: Double the Trouble."
Science News 17 November, 340.
Science News. 1980. "Ozone: Worldwide, Many faceted
Problem." Science News 5 January, 5 6.
Science News. 1986. "Stratospheric Ozone: A New Policy
Tone." Science News. 129(28 June):404.
Science News. 1987a. "Alternatives to Ozone Depleting CFCs."
Science News 6 June, 360.
Science News. 1987b. "Ozone Hole Updates." Science News
7 November, 302.
Science News. 1989a. "Potential Replacement for Ozone
Killer." Science News 4 February, 135.
Science News. 1989b. "Arctic Ozone Succumbs to Chemical
Assault." Science News. 24 March.
Science News. 1991. "Summer Ozone Loss Detected for First
Time." Science News, 2 November 1991, 278.
Shea, Cynthia Pollock. 1988a. Protecting Life on Earth:
Steps to Save the Ozone Layer." Washington: Worldwatch Institute, Worldwatch
Paper 87.
Shea, Cynthia P. 1988b. "Why Du Pont Gave Up $600 Million."
New York Times. March 27.
Stoel, Thomas B. 1980. "Fluorocarbons: Where are We Now?"
Environment, 22 (June 5):2-3.
Stoel, Jr. Thomas B. and Ruby I. Compton. 1976. "Regulation
of Fluorocarbons." Harvard Environmental Law Review 1: 408-24.
Stoel, Thomas B., Alan S. Miller and Breck Milroy. 1980.
Fluorocarbon Regulation: An International Comparison. Lexington, MA: Lexington
Books.
Stolarski, Richard S. 1988. "The Antarctic Ozone Hole."
Scientific American. January, 30-36.
Stolarski, Richard S., and Ralph J. Cicerone. 1974.
"Stratospheric Chlorine: A Possible Sink for Ozone." Canadian Journal of
Chemistry 52:1610 15
Tannenbaum, Jeffrey. 1978. "The Ozone Issue: Fluorocarbon
Battle Expected to Heat Up as the Regulators Move Beyond Aerosols." Wall Street
Journal, January, 19.
Tolba, Mostafa K. 1987a. "Nowhere To Hide." Statement to the
Ad Hoc Working Group for the Preparation of a Protocol on CFCs, Third Session,
Geneva, 27 April 1987. Geneva: UNEP mimeo.
UNEP Ozone Layer Bulletin 1. 1978. Kenya: UNEP (UN Document
number Na 77-5494, January 1978).
UNEP Ozone Layer Bulletin 2. 1978. Kenya: UNEP (July 1978).
UNEP Ozone Layer Bulletin 3 (Volume II, no. 1). 1979.
Kenya: UNEP (UN Document number Na 78-4873, January 1979).
UNEP Ozone Layer Bulletin 4 (Volume II, no. 2). 1979. Kenya:
UNEP (July 1979).
UNEP Ozone Layer Bulletin 5. 1980. Kenya: UNEP.
UNEP Ozone Layer Bulletin 6. 1981. Kenya: UNEP.
UNEP Ozone Layer Bulletin 7. 1982. Kenya: UNEP.
UNEP Ozone Layer Bulletin 8. 1984. Kenya: UNEP.
UNEP Ozone Layer Bulletin 9. 1985. Kenya: UNEP.
Watson, Robert, M. Gelle, R. Stolarski and R. Hampson. 1986.
"Present State of Knowledge of the Upper Atmosphere: An Assessment Report"
(NASA Reference Pub. No. 1162.
WMO et al. 1985. 1986. Scientific Assessment of
Stratospheric Ozone: 1985. Assessment of Our Understanding of the Processes
Controlling Its Present Distribution and Change. WMO Global Ozone Research and
Monitoring Project, Report No. 16. Geneva: WMO for WMO, UNEP, FAA, NASA, NOAA,
EC Commission and German Science Ministry (some editions published in 1986).
WMO et al. 1989. Scientific Assessment of Stratospheric
Ozone: 1989. WMO Global Ozone Research and Monitoring Project, Report No. 20.
Geneva: WMO for WMO, UNEP, NASA, NOAA, and U.K. DOE.
------------------------
David Downie
Director, Program on the Environment
Associate Professor of Politics
Fairfield University
217 Donnarumma Hall
1073 North Benson Road, Fairfield, CTÂ 06824
[email protected]; 203-254-4000, ext 3504
-----Original Message-----
From: [email protected] [mailto:[email protected]] On Behalf Of
Kate O'Neill
Sent: Wednesday, October 19, 2011 4:33 PM
To: GEP-Ed List
Subject: [gep-ed] early ozone accounts
Hi all,
I am currently working with an undergrad on his senior thesis, part of which
looks at actual risks, risk perceptions and science policy interactions around
impacts of ozone layer depletion prior to national regulations in the US and
international negotiations. I am of course getting him to read Parson's
Protecting the Ozone Layer. But does anyone have any contemporary (to the
70s/80s) or historical accounts of that time?
I was kind of suprised to learn that if we'd not done anything about CFC use,
we wouldn't have had to worry about GHG emissions very much as the earth would
have been fried in about 50 years from now. Given that that issue is now
relatively settled, we don't often think back. See
http://www.nasa.gov/topics/earth/features/world_avoided.html
Anyway, any and all suggestions welcome, and I will compile and send to the
list. (and I'm about to do the population video list, a request I sent out
months ago :)
best,
Kate
UC Berkeley
