Unlike other environment variables (e.g. GIT_WORK_TREE,
GIT_NAMESPACE), it was not possible to set the GIT_INDEX_FILE
environment variable using the command line.

Add a new --index-file command-line option.

Update the t7500-commit test to include --index-file option coverage.
The tests have been adapted from the existing
'using alternate GIT_INDEX_FILE (1)' and
'using alternate GIT_INDEX_FILE (2)' tests.

Signed-off-by: Manlio Perillo <manlio.peri...@gmail.com>
---
 Documentation/git.txt | 10 +++++++++-
 git.c                 | 17 ++++++++++++++++-
 t/t7500-commit.sh     | 29 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 3 files changed, 54 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/Documentation/git.txt b/Documentation/git.txt
index e643683..5a582dd 100644
--- a/Documentation/git.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git.txt
@@ -12,7 +12,8 @@ SYNOPSIS
 'git' [--version] [--help] [-c <name>=<value>]
     [--exec-path[=<path>]] [--html-path] [--man-path] [--info-path]
     [-p|--paginate|--no-pager] [--no-replace-objects] [--bare]
-    [--git-dir=<path>] [--work-tree=<path>] [--namespace=<name>]
+    [--git-dir=<path>] [--work-tree=<path>] [--index-file=<path>]
+    [--namespace=<name>]
     <command> [<args>]
 
 DESCRIPTION
@@ -408,6 +409,12 @@ help ...`.
        variable (see core.worktree in linkgit:git-config[1] for a
        more detailed discussion).
 
+--index-file=<path>::
+       Set the path to the index file. It can be an absolute path
+       or a path relative to the current working directory.
+       This can also be controlled by setting the GIT_INDEX_FILE
+       environment variable.
+
 --namespace=<path>::
        Set the git namespace.  See linkgit:gitnamespaces[7] for more
        details.  Equivalent to setting the `GIT_NAMESPACE` environment
@@ -632,6 +639,7 @@ git so take care if using Cogito etc.
        This environment allows the specification of an alternate
        index file. If not specified, the default of `$GIT_DIR/index`
        is used.
+       The '--index-file command-line option also sets this value.
 
 'GIT_OBJECT_DIRECTORY'::
        If the object storage directory is specified via this
diff --git a/git.c b/git.c
index d33f9b3..b0f473d 100644
--- a/git.c
+++ b/git.c
@@ -8,7 +8,8 @@
 const char git_usage_string[] =
        "git [--version] [--exec-path[=<path>]] [--html-path] [--man-path] 
[--info-path]\n"
        "           [-p|--paginate|--no-pager] [--no-replace-objects] 
[--bare]\n"
-       "           [--git-dir=<path>] [--work-tree=<path>] 
[--namespace=<name>]\n"
+       "           [--git-dir=<path>] [--work-tree=<path>] 
[--index-file=<path>]\n"
+       "           [--namespace=<name>]\n"
        "           [-c name=value] [--help]\n"
        "           <command> [<args>]";
 
@@ -121,6 +122,20 @@ static int handle_options(const char ***argv, int *argc, 
int *envchanged)
                        setenv(GIT_WORK_TREE_ENVIRONMENT, cmd + 12, 1);
                        if (envchanged)
                                *envchanged = 1;
+               } else if (!strcmp(cmd, "--index-file")) {
+                       if (*argc < 2) {
+                               fprintf(stderr, "No path given for 
--index-file.\n" );
+                               usage(git_usage_string);
+                       }
+                       setenv(INDEX_ENVIRONMENT, (*argv)[1], 1);
+                       if (envchanged)
+                               *envchanged = 1;
+                       (*argv)++;
+                       (*argc)--;
+               } else if (!prefixcmp(cmd, "--index-file=")) {
+                       setenv(INDEX_ENVIRONMENT, cmd + 13, 1);
+                       if (envchanged)
+                               *envchanged = 1;
                } else if (!strcmp(cmd, "--bare")) {
                        static char git_dir[PATH_MAX+1];
                        is_bare_repository_cfg = 1;
diff --git a/t/t7500-commit.sh b/t/t7500-commit.sh
index 1c908f4..c405a78 100755
--- a/t/t7500-commit.sh
+++ b/t/t7500-commit.sh
@@ -168,6 +168,35 @@ test_expect_success 'using alternate GIT_INDEX_FILE (2)' '
        cmp .git/index saved-index >/dev/null
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'using alternate --index-file (1)' '
+
+       cp .git/index saved-index &&
+       (
+               echo some new content >file &&
+               index_file=.git/another_index &&
+               git --index-file=$index_file add file &&
+               git --index-file=$index_file commit -m "commit using another 
index" &&
+               git --index-file=$index_file diff-index --exit-code HEAD &&
+               git --index-file=$index_file diff-files --exit-code
+       ) &&
+       cmp .git/index saved-index >/dev/null
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'using alternate --index-file (2)' '
+
+       cp .git/index saved-index &&
+       (
+               rm -f .git/no-such-index &&
+               index_file=.git/no-such-index &&
+               git --index-file=$index_file commit -m "commit using 
nonexistent index" &&
+               test -z "$(git --index-file=$index_file ls-files)" &&
+               test -z "$(git --index-file=$index_file ls-tree HEAD)"
+
+       ) &&
+       cmp .git/index saved-index >/dev/null
+'
+
 cat > expect << EOF
 zort
 
-- 
1.8.1.rc1.17.g75ed918.dirty

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