Move the definition of the transport-specific functions provided by
transports, whether declared in transport.c or transport-helper.c, into
an internal header. This means that transport-using code (as opposed to
transport-declaring code) can no longer access these functions (without
importing the internal header themselves), making it clear that they
should use the transport_*() functions instead, and also allowing the
interface between the transport mechanism and an individual transport to
independently evolve.

This is superficially a reversal of commit 824d5776c3f2 ("Refactor
struct transport_ops inlined into struct transport", 2007-09-19).
However, the scope of the involved variables was neither affected nor
discussed in that commit, and I think that the advantages in making
those functions more private outweigh the advantages described in that
commit's commit message. A minor additional point is that the code has
gotten more complicated since then, in that the function-pointer
variables are potentially mutated twice (once initially and once if
transport_take_over() is invoked), increasing the value of corralling
them into their own struct.

Signed-off-by: Jonathan Tan <jonathanta...@google.com>
---
The main evolution I see is to move all traces of the "takeover"
mechanism to transport.c, instead of having individual transports (the
builtin smart transport in transport.c and the remote helper
interface in transport-helper.c) do the connect-then-fetch etc. thing
themselves. This means that transport_vtable->connect must be allowed to
return "fallback", and we have the following vtables:
 - the one for bundles (unchanged)
 - one for builtin smart transports in which fetch and push_refs are
   NULL
 - one for remote helpers (unchanged)
 - one for the result of takeover (unchanged) (to be used when
   get_refs_list/fetch/pull is used with a connect-supporting transport)
 - one for the result of transport_connect (connect, fetch, and
   push_refs are NULL) (to be used when user code invokes
   transport_connect in order to control the stream directly)

transport_get_remote_refs() and friends will always attempt to connect
(and perform the takeover if it succeeds) before proceeding.

In this way, functionality becomes clearer:
 - Transports that do not support connect leave connect as NULL and
   implement get_refs_list/fetch/pull.
 - Transports that support connect implement connect. If connect is
   do-or-die (e.g. builtin smart transports), leave get_refs_list,
   fetch, and pull as NULL. Otherwise (e.g. remote helpers) populate
   them, and they will be used as a fallback if connect fails.
 - When transport_connect() is invoked, the vtable is switched so that
   connect/get_refs_list/fetch/pull no longer work. The user code has
   full control.
 - When transport_get_remote_refs() (or friends) is invoked, if connect
   is successful, the vtable is switched so that connect no longer
   works. get_refs_list/fetch/pull use the established connection, and
   it is clear that the user can no longer call transport_connect().

This seems feasible to me, but I haven't tried to implement it yet.
---
 transport-helper.c   | 23 +++++++++++-------
 transport-internal.h | 61 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 transport.c          | 69 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++--------------------
 transport.h          | 54 ++--------------------------------------
 4 files changed, 120 insertions(+), 87 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 transport-internal.h

diff --git a/transport-helper.c b/transport-helper.c
index c948d5215..1a4b43ff1 100644
--- a/transport-helper.c
+++ b/transport-helper.c
@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@
 #include "sigchain.h"
 #include "argv-array.h"
 #include "refs.h"
+#include "transport-internal.h"
 
 static int debug;
 
@@ -650,7 +651,7 @@ static int fetch(struct transport *transport,
 
        if (process_connect(transport, 0)) {
                do_take_over(transport);
-               return transport->fetch(transport, nr_heads, to_fetch);
+               return transport->vtable->fetch(transport, nr_heads, to_fetch);
        }
 
        count = 0;
@@ -987,7 +988,7 @@ static int push_refs(struct transport *transport,
 
        if (process_connect(transport, 1)) {
                do_take_over(transport);
-               return transport->push_refs(transport, remote_refs, flags);
+               return transport->vtable->push_refs(transport, remote_refs, 
flags);
        }
 
        if (!remote_refs) {
@@ -1035,7 +1036,7 @@ static struct ref *get_refs_list(struct transport 
*transport, int for_push)
 
        if (process_connect(transport, for_push)) {
                do_take_over(transport);
-               return transport->get_refs_list(transport, for_push);
+               return transport->vtable->get_refs_list(transport, for_push);
        }
 
        if (data->push && for_push)
@@ -1084,6 +1085,15 @@ static struct ref *get_refs_list(struct transport 
*transport, int for_push)
        return ret;
 }
 
+static struct transport_vtable vtable = {
+       set_helper_option,
+       get_refs_list,
+       fetch,
+       push_refs,
+       connect_helper,
+       release_helper
+};
+
 int transport_helper_init(struct transport *transport, const char *name)
 {
        struct helper_data *data = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*data));
@@ -1095,12 +1105,7 @@ int transport_helper_init(struct transport *transport, 
const char *name)
                debug = 1;
 
        transport->data = data;
-       transport->set_option = set_helper_option;
-       transport->get_refs_list = get_refs_list;
-       transport->fetch = fetch;
-       transport->push_refs = push_refs;
-       transport->disconnect = release_helper;
-       transport->connect = connect_helper;
+       transport->vtable = &vtable;
        transport->smart_options = &(data->transport_options);
        return 0;
 }
diff --git a/transport-internal.h b/transport-internal.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..3c1a29d72
--- /dev/null
+++ b/transport-internal.h
@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+#ifndef TRANSPORT_INTERNAL_H
+#define TRANSPORT_INTERNAL_H
+
+struct ref;
+struct transport;
+
+struct transport_vtable {
+       /**
+        * Returns 0 if successful, positive if the option is not
+        * recognized or is inapplicable, and negative if the option
+        * is applicable but the value is invalid.
+        **/
+       int (*set_option)(struct transport *connection, const char *name,
+                         const char *value);
+       /**
+        * Returns a list of the remote side's refs. In order to allow
+        * the transport to try to share connections, for_push is a
+        * hint as to whether the ultimate operation is a push or a fetch.
+        *
+        * If the transport is able to determine the remote hash for
+        * the ref without a huge amount of effort, it should store it
+        * in the ref's old_sha1 field; otherwise it should be all 0.
+        **/
+       struct ref *(*get_refs_list)(struct transport *transport, int for_push);
+
+       /**
+        * Fetch the objects for the given refs. Note that this gets
+        * an array, and should ignore the list structure.
+        *
+        * If the transport did not get hashes for refs in
+        * get_refs_list(), it should set the old_sha1 fields in the
+        * provided refs now.
+        **/
+       int (*fetch)(struct transport *transport, int refs_nr, struct ref 
**refs);
+
+       /**
+        * Push the objects and refs. Send the necessary objects, and
+        * then, for any refs where peer_ref is set and
+        * peer_ref->new_oid is different from old_oid, tell the
+        * remote side to update each ref in the list from old_oid to
+        * peer_ref->new_oid.
+        *
+        * Where possible, set the status for each ref appropriately.
+        *
+        * The transport must modify new_sha1 in the ref to the new
+        * value if the remote accepted the change. Note that this
+        * could be a different value from peer_ref->new_oid if the
+        * process involved generating new commits.
+        **/
+       int (*push_refs)(struct transport *transport, struct ref *refs, int 
flags);
+       int (*connect)(struct transport *connection, const char *name,
+                      const char *executable, int fd[2]);
+
+       /** get_refs_list(), fetch(), and push_refs() can keep
+        * resources (such as a connection) reserved for further
+        * use. disconnect() releases these resources.
+        **/
+       int (*disconnect)(struct transport *connection);
+};
+
+#endif
diff --git a/transport.c b/transport.c
index 8c4fc5477..31b6d4d0e 100644
--- a/transport.c
+++ b/transport.c
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 #include "string-list.h"
 #include "sha1-array.h"
 #include "sigchain.h"
+#include "transport-internal.h"
 
 static void set_upstreams(struct transport *transport, struct ref *refs,
        int pretend)
@@ -607,6 +608,15 @@ static int disconnect_git(struct transport *transport)
        return 0;
 }
 
+static struct transport_vtable taken_over_vtable = {
+       NULL,
+       get_refs_via_connect,
+       fetch_refs_via_pack,
+       git_transport_push,
+       NULL,
+       disconnect_git
+};
+
 void transport_take_over(struct transport *transport,
                         struct child_process *child)
 {
@@ -624,11 +634,7 @@ void transport_take_over(struct transport *transport,
        data->got_remote_heads = 0;
        transport->data = data;
 
-       transport->set_option = NULL;
-       transport->get_refs_list = get_refs_via_connect;
-       transport->fetch = fetch_refs_via_pack;
-       transport->push_refs = git_transport_push;
-       transport->disconnect = disconnect_git;
+       transport->vtable = &taken_over_vtable;
        transport->smart_options = &(data->options);
 
        transport->cannot_reuse = 1;
@@ -751,6 +757,24 @@ void transport_check_allowed(const char *type)
                die("transport '%s' not allowed", type);
 }
 
+static struct transport_vtable bundle_vtable = {
+       NULL,
+       get_refs_from_bundle,
+       fetch_refs_from_bundle,
+       NULL,
+       NULL,
+       close_bundle
+};
+
+static struct transport_vtable builtin_smart_vtable = {
+       NULL,
+       get_refs_via_connect,
+       fetch_refs_via_pack,
+       git_transport_push,
+       connect_git,
+       disconnect_git
+};
+
 struct transport *transport_get(struct remote *remote, const char *url)
 {
        const char *helper;
@@ -787,9 +811,7 @@ struct transport *transport_get(struct remote *remote, 
const char *url)
                struct bundle_transport_data *data = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*data));
                transport_check_allowed("file");
                ret->data = data;
-               ret->get_refs_list = get_refs_from_bundle;
-               ret->fetch = fetch_refs_from_bundle;
-               ret->disconnect = close_bundle;
+               ret->vtable = &bundle_vtable;
                ret->smart_options = NULL;
        } else if (!is_url(url)
                || starts_with(url, "file://")
@@ -804,12 +826,7 @@ struct transport *transport_get(struct remote *remote, 
const char *url)
                 */
                struct git_transport_data *data = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*data));
                ret->data = data;
-               ret->set_option = NULL;
-               ret->get_refs_list = get_refs_via_connect;
-               ret->fetch = fetch_refs_via_pack;
-               ret->push_refs = git_transport_push;
-               ret->connect = connect_git;
-               ret->disconnect = disconnect_git;
+               ret->vtable = &builtin_smart_vtable;
                ret->smart_options = &(data->options);
 
                data->conn = NULL;
@@ -843,9 +860,9 @@ int transport_set_option(struct transport *transport,
                git_reports = set_git_option(transport->smart_options,
                                             name, value);
 
-       if (transport->set_option)
-               protocol_reports = transport->set_option(transport, name,
-                                                       value);
+       if (transport->vtable->set_option)
+               protocol_reports = transport->vtable->set_option(transport,
+                                                                name, value);
 
        /* If either report is 0, report 0 (success). */
        if (!git_reports || !protocol_reports)
@@ -968,7 +985,7 @@ int transport_push(struct transport *transport,
        *reject_reasons = 0;
        transport_verify_remote_names(refspec_nr, refspec);
 
-       if (transport->push_refs) {
+       if (transport->vtable->push_refs) {
                struct ref *remote_refs;
                struct ref *local_refs = get_local_heads();
                int match_flags = MATCH_REFS_NONE;
@@ -981,7 +998,7 @@ int transport_push(struct transport *transport,
                if (check_push_refs(local_refs, refspec_nr, refspec) < 0)
                        return -1;
 
-               remote_refs = transport->get_refs_list(transport, 1);
+               remote_refs = transport->vtable->get_refs_list(transport, 1);
 
                if (flags & TRANSPORT_PUSH_ALL)
                        match_flags |= MATCH_REFS_ALL;
@@ -1056,7 +1073,7 @@ int transport_push(struct transport *transport,
                }
 
                if (!(flags & TRANSPORT_RECURSE_SUBMODULES_ONLY))
-                       push_ret = transport->push_refs(transport, remote_refs, 
flags);
+                       push_ret = transport->vtable->push_refs(transport, 
remote_refs, flags);
                else
                        push_ret = 0;
                err = push_had_errors(remote_refs);
@@ -1090,7 +1107,7 @@ int transport_push(struct transport *transport,
 const struct ref *transport_get_remote_refs(struct transport *transport)
 {
        if (!transport->got_remote_refs) {
-               transport->remote_refs = transport->get_refs_list(transport, 0);
+               transport->remote_refs = 
transport->vtable->get_refs_list(transport, 0);
                transport->got_remote_refs = 1;
        }
 
@@ -1127,7 +1144,7 @@ int transport_fetch_refs(struct transport *transport, 
struct ref *refs)
                        heads[nr_heads++] = rm;
        }
 
-       rc = transport->fetch(transport, nr_heads, heads);
+       rc = transport->vtable->fetch(transport, nr_heads, heads);
 
        free(heads);
        return rc;
@@ -1144,8 +1161,8 @@ void transport_unlock_pack(struct transport *transport)
 int transport_connect(struct transport *transport, const char *name,
                      const char *exec, int fd[2])
 {
-       if (transport->connect)
-               return transport->connect(transport, name, exec, fd);
+       if (transport->vtable->connect)
+               return transport->vtable->connect(transport, name, exec, fd);
        else
                die("Operation not supported by protocol");
 }
@@ -1153,8 +1170,8 @@ int transport_connect(struct transport *transport, const 
char *name,
 int transport_disconnect(struct transport *transport)
 {
        int ret = 0;
-       if (transport->disconnect)
-               ret = transport->disconnect(transport);
+       if (transport->vtable->disconnect)
+               ret = transport->vtable->disconnect(transport);
        free(transport);
        return ret;
 }
diff --git a/transport.h b/transport.h
index ab4fe7f27..731c78b67 100644
--- a/transport.h
+++ b/transport.h
@@ -30,6 +30,8 @@ enum transport_family {
 };
 
 struct transport {
+       const struct transport_vtable *vtable;
+
        struct remote *remote;
        const char *url;
        void *data;
@@ -59,58 +61,6 @@ struct transport {
         */
        const struct string_list *push_options;
 
-       /**
-        * Returns 0 if successful, positive if the option is not
-        * recognized or is inapplicable, and negative if the option
-        * is applicable but the value is invalid.
-        **/
-       int (*set_option)(struct transport *connection, const char *name,
-                         const char *value);
-
-       /**
-        * Returns a list of the remote side's refs. In order to allow
-        * the transport to try to share connections, for_push is a
-        * hint as to whether the ultimate operation is a push or a fetch.
-        *
-        * If the transport is able to determine the remote hash for
-        * the ref without a huge amount of effort, it should store it
-        * in the ref's old_sha1 field; otherwise it should be all 0.
-        **/
-       struct ref *(*get_refs_list)(struct transport *transport, int for_push);
-
-       /**
-        * Fetch the objects for the given refs. Note that this gets
-        * an array, and should ignore the list structure.
-        *
-        * If the transport did not get hashes for refs in
-        * get_refs_list(), it should set the old_sha1 fields in the
-        * provided refs now.
-        **/
-       int (*fetch)(struct transport *transport, int refs_nr, struct ref 
**refs);
-
-       /**
-        * Push the objects and refs. Send the necessary objects, and
-        * then, for any refs where peer_ref is set and
-        * peer_ref->new_oid is different from old_oid, tell the
-        * remote side to update each ref in the list from old_oid to
-        * peer_ref->new_oid.
-        *
-        * Where possible, set the status for each ref appropriately.
-        *
-        * The transport must modify new_sha1 in the ref to the new
-        * value if the remote accepted the change. Note that this
-        * could be a different value from peer_ref->new_oid if the
-        * process involved generating new commits.
-        **/
-       int (*push_refs)(struct transport *transport, struct ref *refs, int 
flags);
-       int (*connect)(struct transport *connection, const char *name,
-                      const char *executable, int fd[2]);
-
-       /** get_refs_list(), fetch(), and push_refs() can keep
-        * resources (such as a connection) reserved for further
-        * use. disconnect() releases these resources.
-        **/
-       int (*disconnect)(struct transport *connection);
        char *pack_lockfile;
        signed verbose : 3;
        /**
-- 
2.15.1.504.g5279b80103-goog

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