When submitting a revised version of a patch series, it can be helpful
(to reviewers) to include a summary of changes since the previous
attempt in the form of a range-diff, however, doing so involves manually
copy/pasting the diff into the cover letter.

Add a --range-diff option to automate this process. The argument to
--range-diff specifies the tip of the previous attempt against which to
generate the range-diff. For example:

    git format-patch --cover-letter --range-diff=v1 -3 v2

(At this stage, the previous attempt and the patch series being
formatted must share a common base, however, a subsequent enhancement
will make it possible to specify an explicit revision range for the
previous attempt.)

Signed-off-by: Eric Sunshine <sunsh...@sunshineco.com>
---
 Documentation/git-format-patch.txt | 10 +++++++++
 builtin/log.c                      | 35 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 revision.h                         |  5 +++++
 t/t3206-range-diff.sh              | 12 ++++++++++
 4 files changed, 62 insertions(+)

diff --git a/Documentation/git-format-patch.txt 
b/Documentation/git-format-patch.txt
index f8a061794d..e7f404be3d 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-format-patch.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-format-patch.txt
@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@ SYNOPSIS
                   [--to=<email>] [--cc=<email>]
                   [--[no-]cover-letter] [--quiet] [--notes[=<ref>]]
                   [--interdiff=<previous>]
+                  [--range-diff=<previous>]
                   [--progress]
                   [<common diff options>]
                   [ <since> | <revision range> ]
@@ -238,6 +239,15 @@ feeding the result to `git send-email`.
        the series being formatted (for example `git format-patch
        --cover-letter --interdiff=feature/v1 -3 feature/v2`).
 
+--range-diff=<previous>::
+       As a reviewer aid, insert a range-diff (see linkgit:git-range-diff[1])
+       into the cover letter showing the differences between the previous
+       version of the patch series and the series currently being formatted.
+       `previous` is a single revision naming the tip of the previous
+       series which shares a common base with the series being formatted (for
+       example `git format-patch --cover-letter --range-diff=feature/v1 -3
+       feature/v2`).
+
 --notes[=<ref>]::
        Append the notes (see linkgit:git-notes[1]) for the commit
        after the three-dash line.
diff --git a/builtin/log.c b/builtin/log.c
index e990027c28..d6e57e8b04 100644
--- a/builtin/log.c
+++ b/builtin/log.c
@@ -31,6 +31,7 @@
 #include "progress.h"
 #include "commit-slab.h"
 #include "interdiff.h"
+#include "range-diff.h"
 
 #define MAIL_DEFAULT_WRAP 72
 
@@ -1088,6 +1089,12 @@ static void make_cover_letter(struct rev_info *rev, int 
use_stdout,
                fprintf_ln(rev->diffopt.file, "%s", rev->idiff_title);
                show_interdiff(rev, 0);
        }
+
+       if (rev->rdiff1) {
+               fprintf_ln(rev->diffopt.file, "%s", _("Range-diff:"));
+               show_range_diff(rev->rdiff1, rev->rdiff2,
+                               rev->creation_factor, 1, &rev->diffopt);
+       }
 }
 
 static const char *clean_message_id(const char *msg_id)
@@ -1437,6 +1444,17 @@ static const char *diff_title(struct strbuf *sb, int 
reroll_count,
        return sb->buf;
 }
 
+static void infer_range_diff_ranges(struct strbuf *r1,
+                                   struct strbuf *r2,
+                                   const char *prev,
+                                   struct commit *head)
+{
+       const char *head_oid = oid_to_hex(&head->object.oid);
+
+       strbuf_addf(r1, "%s..%s", head_oid, prev);
+       strbuf_addf(r2, "%s..%s", prev, head_oid);
+}
+
 int cmd_format_patch(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
        struct commit *commit;
@@ -1466,6 +1484,9 @@ int cmd_format_patch(int argc, const char **argv, const 
char *prefix)
        struct progress *progress = NULL;
        struct oid_array idiff_prev = OID_ARRAY_INIT;
        struct strbuf idiff_title = STRBUF_INIT;
+       const char *rdiff_prev = NULL;
+       struct strbuf rdiff1 = STRBUF_INIT;
+       struct strbuf rdiff2 = STRBUF_INIT;
 
        const struct option builtin_format_patch_options[] = {
                { OPTION_CALLBACK, 'n', "numbered", &numbered, NULL,
@@ -1542,6 +1563,8 @@ int cmd_format_patch(int argc, const char **argv, const 
char *prefix)
                OPT_CALLBACK(0, "interdiff", &idiff_prev, N_("rev"),
                             N_("show changes against <rev> in cover letter or 
single patch"),
                             parse_opt_object_name),
+               OPT_STRING(0, "range-diff", &rdiff_prev, N_("refspec"),
+                          N_("show changes against <refspec> in cover 
letter")),
                OPT_END()
        };
 
@@ -1774,6 +1797,16 @@ int cmd_format_patch(int argc, const char **argv, const 
char *prefix)
                                             _("Interdiff against v%d:"));
        }
 
+       if (rdiff_prev) {
+               if (!cover_letter)
+                       die(_("--range-diff requires --cover-letter"));
+
+               infer_range_diff_ranges(&rdiff1, &rdiff2, rdiff_prev, list[0]);
+               rev.rdiff1 = rdiff1.buf;
+               rev.rdiff2 = rdiff2.buf;
+               rev.creation_factor = RANGE_DIFF_CREATION_FACTOR_DEFAULT;
+       }
+
        if (!signature) {
                ; /* --no-signature inhibits all signatures */
        } else if (signature && signature != git_version_string) {
@@ -1897,6 +1930,8 @@ int cmd_format_patch(int argc, const char **argv, const 
char *prefix)
 done:
        oid_array_clear(&idiff_prev);
        strbuf_release(&idiff_title);
+       strbuf_release(&rdiff1);
+       strbuf_release(&rdiff2);
        return 0;
 }
 
diff --git a/revision.h b/revision.h
index ffeadc261a..11159416dc 100644
--- a/revision.h
+++ b/revision.h
@@ -217,6 +217,11 @@ struct rev_info {
        const struct object_id *idiff_oid2;
        const char *idiff_title;
 
+       /* range-diff */
+       const char *rdiff1;
+       const char *rdiff2;
+       int creation_factor;
+
        /* commit counts */
        int count_left;
        int count_right;
diff --git a/t/t3206-range-diff.sh b/t/t3206-range-diff.sh
index 2237c7f4af..dd854b6ebc 100755
--- a/t/t3206-range-diff.sh
+++ b/t/t3206-range-diff.sh
@@ -142,4 +142,16 @@ test_expect_success 'changed message' '
        test_cmp expected actual
 '
 
+for prev in topic
+do
+       test_expect_success "format-patch --range-diff=$prev" '
+               git format-patch --stdout --cover-letter --range-diff=$prev \
+                       master..unmodified >actual &&
+               grep "= 1: .* s/5/A" actual &&
+               grep "= 2: .* s/4/A" actual &&
+               grep "= 3: .* s/11/B" actual &&
+               grep "= 4: .* s/12/B" actual
+       '
+done
+
 test_done
-- 
2.18.0.345.g5c9ce644c3

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