lidavidm commented on code in PR #35174:
URL: https://github.com/apache/arrow/pull/35174#discussion_r1169324861


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docs/source/format/Changing.rst:
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+.. Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+.. or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+.. distributed with this work for additional information
+.. regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+.. to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+.. "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+.. with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+..   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+.. Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+.. software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+.. "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+.. KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+.. specific language governing permissions and limitations
+.. under the License.
+
+How to Change Format Specification
+==================================
+
+**Cross-language** is important in Apache Arrow. To keep it, we use
+the following process when dealing with format (files in
+`<https://github.com/apache/arrow/tree/main/format>`_) changes:
+
+* We must go through a formal DISCUSS and VOTE process
+* We must have at least 2 reference implementations and associated
+  integration tests
+
+DISCUSS and VOTE Process
+------------------------
+
+DISCUSS process is a process to discuss the format changes in
+public. Anyone can join the discussion. The DISCUSS process is done by
+starting a thread in [email protected] with ``[DISCUSS]`` prefixed
+subject.
+
+.. note::
+
+   We sometimes use ``[Discuss]``, ``DISCUSS: `` or something but
+   ``[DISCUSS]`` is recommended.
+
+Here are examples:
+
+* `[Discuss][Format] Add 32-bit and 64-bit Decimals 
<https://lists.apache.org/thread/9ynjmjlxm44j2pt443mcr2hmdl7m43yz>`_
+* `[DISCUSS][Format] Starting to do some concrete work on the new "StringView" 
columnar data type 
<https://lists.apache.org/thread/dccj1qrozo88qsxx133kcy308qwfwpfm>`_
+
+VOTE process is a process to tell whether we have reached
+consensus. We can start a vote for the format changes after we reach
+consensus in the preceding DISCUSS process.
+
+See also: `Apache Voting Process 
<https://www.apache.org/foundation/voting.html>`_
+
+At Least 2 Reference Implementations
+------------------------------------
+
+We must have at least 2 reference implementations and associated
+integration tests to confirm whether the format changes are
+cross-compatible and consistent.
+
+We must choose complete implementations for them. Here are candidate

Review Comment:
   It's ~up to the voters, effectively. I think it'd be hard to pin this down 
in text.
   
   That said, this part is discussing whether the implementation is considered 
a reference Arrow implementation. Which is more about whether the the 
implementation is self-contained (as opposed to a binding) and ~completeness of 
the Arrow specification and development activity. 



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