emkornfield commented on a change in pull request #8897:
URL: https://github.com/apache/arrow/pull/8897#discussion_r542911455



##########
File path: cpp/src/arrow/util/decimal.cc
##########
@@ -718,6 +718,48 @@ Result<Decimal256> Decimal256::FromString(const char* s) {
   return FromString(util::string_view(s));
 }
 
+Result<Decimal256> Decimal256::FromBigEndian(const uint8_t* bytes, int32_t 
length) {
+  static constexpr int32_t kMinDecimalBytes = 1;
+  static constexpr int32_t kMaxDecimalBytes = 32;
+
+  std::array<uint64_t, 4> little_endian_array;
+
+  if (ARROW_PREDICT_FALSE(length < kMinDecimalBytes || length > 
kMaxDecimalBytes)) {
+    return Status::Invalid("Length of byte array passed to 
Decimal128::FromBigEndian ",
+                           "was ", length, ", but must be between ", 
kMinDecimalBytes,
+                           " and ", kMaxDecimalBytes);
+  }
+
+  // Bytes are coming in big-endian, so the first byte is the MSB and 
therefore holds the
+  // sign bit.
+  const bool is_negative = static_cast<int8_t>(bytes[0]) < 0;
+
+  for (int word_idx = 0; word_idx < 4; word_idx++) {
+    const int32_t word_length = std::min(length, 
static_cast<int32_t>(sizeof(uint64_t)));
+
+    if (word_length == 8) {
+      // Full words can be assigned as is (and are UB with the shift below).
+      little_endian_array[word_idx] =
+          UInt64FromBigEndian(bytes + length - word_length, word_length);
+    } else {
+      // Sign extend the word its if necessary
+      uint64_t word = -1 * is_negative;
+      if (length > 0) {
+        // Incorporate the actual values if present.
+        // Shift left enough bits to make room for the incoming int64_t
+        word = SafeLeftShift(word, word_length * CHAR_BIT);
+        // Preserve the upper bits by inplace OR-ing the int64_t
+        word |= UInt64FromBigEndian(bytes + length - word_length, word_length);
+      }
+      little_endian_array[word_idx] = word;
+    }
+    // Move on to the next word.
+    length -= sizeof(uint64_t);

Review comment:
       fixed.




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