zanmato1984 commented on code in PR #46210:
URL: https://github.com/apache/arrow/pull/46210#discussion_r2059540810


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docs/source/developers/cpp/compute.rst:
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@@ -0,0 +1,171 @@
+.. Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+.. or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+.. distributed with this work for additional information
+.. regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+.. to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+.. "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+.. with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+..   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+.. Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+.. software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+.. "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+.. KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+.. specific language governing permissions and limitations
+.. under the License.
+
+.. highlight:: console
+.. _development-cpp-compute:
+
+============================
+Developing Arrow C++ Compute
+============================
+
+This section provides information for developers of Arrow C++ Compute module.
+
+Row Table
+=========
+
+The row table in Arrow represents data stored in row-major format. This format
+is particularly useful for scenarios involving random access to individual rows
+and where all columns are frequently accessed together. It is especially
+advantageous for hash-table keys and facilitates efficient operations such as
+grouping and hash joins by optimizing memory access patterns and data locality.
+
+Fixed-length vs. Varying-length
+-------------------------------
+
+A key property of the row table is whether it is fixed-length or 
varying-length.
+A fixed-length row table contains only fixed-length columns, while a
+varying-length row table includes at least one varying-length column. This
+distinction determines how data is stored and accessed in the row table.

Review Comment:
   > Oh, and to be clear, a row table is fully schema-ed. That is, each row 
contains the same number of columns/fields, in the same types and order as 
specified in the schema.
   
   Maybe I should add this in the doc too.



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