damccorm commented on code in PR #30123:
URL: https://github.com/apache/beam/pull/30123#discussion_r1486587137


##########
sdks/java/io/rrio/src/test/java/org/apache/beam/io/requestresponse/ThrottleTest.java:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,354 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.beam.io.requestresponse;
+
+import static 
org.apache.beam.io.requestresponse.Throttle.INPUT_ELEMENTS_COUNTER_NAME;
+import static 
org.apache.beam.io.requestresponse.Throttle.OUTPUT_ELEMENTS_COUNTER_NAME;
+import static org.hamcrest.MatcherAssert.assertThat;
+import static org.hamcrest.Matchers.equalTo;
+import static org.hamcrest.Matchers.greaterThan;
+import static org.hamcrest.Matchers.lessThan;
+import static org.hamcrest.Matchers.notNullValue;
+
+import com.google.protobuf.ByteString;
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.Iterator;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicInteger;
+import java.util.stream.Collectors;
+import java.util.stream.Stream;
+import java.util.stream.StreamSupport;
+import org.apache.beam.sdk.PipelineResult;
+import org.apache.beam.sdk.coders.VarIntCoder;
+import org.apache.beam.sdk.metrics.MetricNameFilter;
+import org.apache.beam.sdk.metrics.MetricQueryResults;
+import org.apache.beam.sdk.metrics.MetricResult;
+import org.apache.beam.sdk.metrics.MetricResults;
+import org.apache.beam.sdk.metrics.MetricsFilter;
+import org.apache.beam.sdk.testing.PAssert;
+import org.apache.beam.sdk.testing.TestPipeline;
+import org.apache.beam.sdk.transforms.Create;
+import org.apache.beam.sdk.transforms.DoFn;
+import org.apache.beam.sdk.transforms.MapElements;
+import org.apache.beam.sdk.transforms.ParDo;
+import org.apache.beam.sdk.transforms.PeriodicImpulse;
+import org.apache.beam.sdk.transforms.SerializableFunction;
+import org.apache.beam.sdk.transforms.windowing.DefaultTrigger;
+import org.apache.beam.sdk.transforms.windowing.GlobalWindows;
+import org.apache.beam.sdk.transforms.windowing.Sessions;
+import org.apache.beam.sdk.transforms.windowing.Window;
+import org.apache.beam.sdk.values.PCollection;
+import org.apache.beam.sdk.values.TypeDescriptor;
+import org.apache.beam.testinfra.mockapis.echo.v1.Echo;
+import org.hamcrest.Matcher;
+import org.joda.time.Duration;
+import org.joda.time.Instant;
+import org.joda.time.ReadableDuration;
+import org.junit.Rule;
+import org.junit.Test;
+
+/** Tests for {@link Throttle}. */
+public class ThrottleTest {
+  @Rule public TestPipeline pipeline = TestPipeline.create();
+
+  /**
+   * Tests whether a pulse of elements totaled less than the maximum rate are 
just emitted
+   * immediately without throttling.
+   */
+  @Test
+  public void givenElementSizeNotExceedsRate_thenEmitsAllImmediately() {
+    Rate rate = Rate.of(10, Duration.standardSeconds(1L));
+    long expectedMillis = rate.getInterval().getMillis();
+    long toleratedError = (long) (0.05 * (double) expectedMillis);
+    // tolerate 5% error.
+    Duration expectedInterval = Duration.millis(expectedMillis + 
toleratedError);
+    List<Integer> items = Stream.iterate(0, i -> i + 
1).limit(3).collect(Collectors.toList());
+    PCollection<Integer> throttled = 
pipeline.apply(Create.of(items)).apply(transformOf(rate));
+
+    PAssert.that(throttled).containsInAnyOrder(items);
+    PAssert.that(timestampsOf(throttled))
+        .satisfies(
+            itr -> {
+              List<Instant> timestamps =
+                  StreamSupport.stream(itr.spliterator(), true)
+                      .sorted()
+                      .collect(Collectors.toList());
+              assertTimestampIntervalsMatch(timestamps, 
lessThan(expectedInterval));
+              return null;
+            });
+
+    pipeline.run();
+  }
+
+  /** Tests whether a pulse of elements totaled greater than the maximum rate 
are throttled. */
+  @Test
+  public void givenElementSizeExceedsRate_thenEmitsAtRate() {
+    Rate rate = Rate.of(1, Duration.standardSeconds(1L));
+    long expectedMillis = rate.getInterval().getMillis();
+    // tolerate 5% error.
+    long toleratedError = (long) (0.05 * (double) expectedMillis);
+    Duration expectedInterval = Duration.millis(expectedMillis - 
toleratedError);
+    List<Integer> items = Stream.iterate(0, i -> i + 
1).limit(3).collect(Collectors.toList());
+    PCollection<Integer> throttled = 
pipeline.apply(Create.of(items)).apply(transformOf(rate));
+
+    PAssert.that(throttled).containsInAnyOrder(items);
+    PAssert.that(timestampsOf(throttled))
+        .satisfies(
+            itr -> {
+              List<Instant> timestamps =
+                  StreamSupport.stream(itr.spliterator(), true)
+                      .sorted()
+                      .collect(Collectors.toList());
+              assertTimestampIntervalsMatch(timestamps, 
greaterThan(expectedInterval));
+              return null;
+            });
+
+    pipeline.run();
+  }
+
+  @Test
+  public void givenLargerElementSize_noDataLost() {
+    Rate rate = Rate.of(1_000, Duration.standardSeconds(1L));
+    List<Integer> items = Stream.iterate(0, i -> i + 
1).limit(3_000).collect(Collectors.toList());
+    PCollection<Integer> throttled = 
pipeline.apply(Create.of(items)).apply(transformOf(rate));
+
+    PAssert.that(throttled).containsInAnyOrder(items);
+
+    pipeline.run();
+  }
+
+  /** Tests withMetricsCollected that Counters populate appropriately. */
+  @Test
+  public void givenCollectMetricsTrue_thenPopulatesMetrics() {
+    long size = 300;
+    Rate rate = Rate.of(100, Duration.standardSeconds(1L));
+
+    List<Integer> list = Stream.iterate(0, i -> i + 
1).limit(size).collect(Collectors.toList());
+
+    
pipeline.apply(Create.of(list)).apply(transformOf(rate).withMetricsCollected());
+
+    PipelineResult pipelineResult = pipeline.run();
+    pipelineResult.waitUntilFinish();
+    MetricResults results = pipelineResult.metrics();
+
+    assertThat(getCount(results, INPUT_ELEMENTS_COUNTER_NAME), equalTo(size));
+    assertThat(getCount(results, OUTPUT_ELEMENTS_COUNTER_NAME), equalTo(size));
+  }
+
+  /** Tests that an upstream GlobalWindows gets reapplied to the resulting 
PCollection. */
+  @Test
+  public void givenUpstreamGlobalWindows_thenReassignedToGlobalWindow() {
+    PCollection<Integer> throttled =
+        pipeline
+            .apply(Create.of(1, 2, 3))
+            .apply(Window.into(new GlobalWindows()))
+            .apply(transformOf(Rate.of(1, Duration.standardSeconds(1L))));
+
+    assertThat(throttled.getWindowingStrategy().getWindowFn(), equalTo(new 
GlobalWindows()));
+
+    pipeline.run();
+  }

Review Comment:
   I don't think either of those test what I'm talking about here. They test 
that the correct windows are applied, but they don't test that the elements 
maintain their original (correct) window assignments. For example:
   
   ```
     @Test
     public void givenGlobalUpstreamWindow_thenCanApplyDownstreamWindow() {
       Rate rate = Rate.of(3, Duration.standardSeconds(1L));
   
       PCollection<Integer> unthrottled =
           pipeline.apply(
               Create.timestamped(
                   TimestampedValue.of(0, epochPlus(0L)),
                   TimestampedValue.of(1, epochPlus(1_000L)),
                   TimestampedValue.of(2, epochPlus(2_000L))));
   
       PAssert.that(unthrottled).inWindow(GlobalWindow.INSTANCE);
   
       PCollection<Integer> throttled =
           unthrottled
               .apply(transformOf(rate))
               
.apply(Window.into(FixedWindows.of(Duration.standardSeconds(5L))));
       PAssert.that(throttled).inWindow(new IntervalWindow(Instant.EPOCH, 
epochPlus(5_000L)));
   
       pipeline.run();
     }
   ```
   
   asserts `.inWindow(new IntervalWindow(Instant.EPOCH, epochPlus(5_000L)));`, 
but it doesn't actually assert that all 3 values are in their correct interval 
windows (both tests are useful/important, but the latter is what I'm worried 
about in this PR)



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