lucasnoetzold opened a new issue, #30850:
URL: https://github.com/apache/beam/issues/30850

   ### What happened?
   
   We're gettig a `ClassCastException` when trying to write data to a BigQuery 
table with the STORAGE_WRITE_API. This only happens with unknown fields on the 
payload, both `ignoreUnknownValues` and `withAutoSchemaUpdate` options are 
enabled and the field being written is a REPEATED RECORD.
   
   **Conditions:**
   - BigQuery table that contains a "RECORD" type field
   - the record field must be on mode "repeated"
   - `.ignoreUnknownValues()` option enabled
   - `.withAutoSchemaUpdate(true)` option enabled
   - payload that contains any unknown field inside the RECORD field that does 
exist
   
   **Expected Behavior:** unknown fields are ignored and the known payload is 
sent to BigQuery.
   
   ---
   
   I've managed to reproduce the error with this minimal code:
   
   ```java
   var nested = List.of(Map.of("nested_field_that_exists", "something"));
   var row = new TableRow().set("root_field", nested);
   
   var pipeline = Pipeline.create();
   
   pipeline.apply(Create.<TableRow>of(row))
        .apply(BigQueryIO.<TableRow>write()
                .ignoreUnknownValues()
                .withAutoSchemaUpdate(true)
                .withFormatFunction(identity())
                .withMethod(BigQueryIO.Write.Method.STORAGE_WRITE_API)
                .to(new TableReference()
                        .setProjectId("the_project_id")
                        .setDatasetId("the_dataset_id")
                        .setTableId("test_table")));
   
   pipeline.run();
   ```
   
   The BigQuery table schema used is the following:
   
![image](https://github.com/apache/beam/assets/27974653/491bb62f-a7d7-462f-86ee-1468a14e8220)
   
   Looking at the stack we can see that it happens when it's handling the 
unknown fields. Since the unknown field is nested, and the field descriptor is 
inherited from the root field, it expects it to be a list (since the root field 
is at mode REPEATED):
   
![image](https://github.com/apache/beam/assets/27974653/dd0fcd24-2fe8-4760-bede-5258d7ef037e)
   
   ### Issue Priority
   
   Priority: 2 (default / most bugs should be filed as P2)
   
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