damccorm commented on code in PR #39921:
URL: https://github.com/apache/beam/pull/39921#discussion_r3893895617


##########
sdks/python/apache_beam/transforms/stats_test.py:
##########
@@ -219,6 +219,40 @@ def 
test_approximate_unique_combine_fn_requires_compatible_coder(self):
 
     self.assertRegex(e.exception.args[0], 'Runtime exception')
 
+  def test_approximate_unique_merge_accumulators_reuses_first(self):
+    sample_size = 16
+    combine_fn = ApproximateUniqueCombineFn(sample_size, coders.VarIntCoder())
+    accumulators = [combine_fn.create_accumulator() for _ in range(3)]
+    for accumulator, values in zip(
+        accumulators, [range(16), range(8, 24), range(24, 40)]):
+      for value in values:
+        accumulator.add(value)
+
+    later_accumulator_states = [(
+        list(accumulator._sample_heap),
+        set(accumulator._sample_set),
+        accumulator._min_hash) for accumulator in accumulators[1:]]
+
+    merged_accumulator = combine_fn.merge_accumulators(iter(accumulators))
+
+    self.assertIs(merged_accumulator, accumulators[0])
+    self.assertEqual(set(range(24, 40)), merged_accumulator._sample_set)
+    self.assertEqual(24, merged_accumulator._min_hash)
+    self.assertEqual(
+        later_accumulator_states,
+        [(
+            list(accumulator._sample_heap),
+            set(accumulator._sample_set),
+            accumulator._min_hash) for accumulator in accumulators[1:]])

Review Comment:
   What is this assert checking? Isn't this just running against our test data 
that we constructed?



##########
sdks/python/apache_beam/transforms/stats.py:
##########
@@ -262,11 +262,14 @@ def add_input(self, accumulator, element, *args, 
**kwargs):
     except Exception as e:
       raise RuntimeError("Runtime exception: %s" % e)
 
-  # created an issue https://github.com/apache/beam/issues/19459 to speed up
-  # merge process.

Review Comment:
   While this is an improvement, I'll note that it does not actually address 
the core issue in https://github.com/apache/beam/issues/19459
   
   This PR avoids creating an extra accumulator and doing one additional merge 
operation, but it doesn't handle the efficient merging of 2 accumulators.
   
   With that said, I don't think a fast merge is possible here because of the 
uniqueness constraint, so we can still probably call it fixed



##########
sdks/python/apache_beam/transforms/stats_test.py:
##########
@@ -219,6 +219,40 @@ def 
test_approximate_unique_combine_fn_requires_compatible_coder(self):
 
     self.assertRegex(e.exception.args[0], 'Runtime exception')
 
+  def test_approximate_unique_merge_accumulators_reuses_first(self):
+    sample_size = 16
+    combine_fn = ApproximateUniqueCombineFn(sample_size, coders.VarIntCoder())
+    accumulators = [combine_fn.create_accumulator() for _ in range(3)]
+    for accumulator, values in zip(
+        accumulators, [range(16), range(8, 24), range(24, 40)]):
+      for value in values:
+        accumulator.add(value)
+
+    later_accumulator_states = [(
+        list(accumulator._sample_heap),
+        set(accumulator._sample_set),
+        accumulator._min_hash) for accumulator in accumulators[1:]]
+
+    merged_accumulator = combine_fn.merge_accumulators(iter(accumulators))
+
+    self.assertIs(merged_accumulator, accumulators[0])

Review Comment:
   This is testing our specific implementation, not correctness. For example, 
it would be equally valid (and maybe better) to use the largest accumulator 
available as our starting point.
   
   Let's update this test to just test correctness instead of the specific 
behavior we've baked in.



##########
sdks/python/apache_beam/transforms/stats_test.py:
##########
@@ -219,6 +219,40 @@ def 
test_approximate_unique_combine_fn_requires_compatible_coder(self):
 
     self.assertRegex(e.exception.args[0], 'Runtime exception')
 
+  def test_approximate_unique_merge_accumulators_reuses_first(self):
+    sample_size = 16
+    combine_fn = ApproximateUniqueCombineFn(sample_size, coders.VarIntCoder())
+    accumulators = [combine_fn.create_accumulator() for _ in range(3)]
+    for accumulator, values in zip(
+        accumulators, [range(16), range(8, 24), range(24, 40)]):
+      for value in values:
+        accumulator.add(value)
+
+    later_accumulator_states = [(
+        list(accumulator._sample_heap),
+        set(accumulator._sample_set),
+        accumulator._min_hash) for accumulator in accumulators[1:]]
+
+    merged_accumulator = combine_fn.merge_accumulators(iter(accumulators))
+
+    self.assertIs(merged_accumulator, accumulators[0])
+    self.assertEqual(set(range(24, 40)), merged_accumulator._sample_set)
+    self.assertEqual(24, merged_accumulator._min_hash)

Review Comment:
   Both of these asserts would succeed if the only accumulator merged was the 
last one. Can we update to avoid this? An easy way to do so would be to make 
the sample size 30 (and update the asserts)



##########
sdks/python/apache_beam/transforms/stats.py:
##########
@@ -262,11 +262,14 @@ def add_input(self, accumulator, element, *args, 
**kwargs):
     except Exception as e:
       raise RuntimeError("Runtime exception: %s" % e)
 
-  # created an issue https://github.com/apache/beam/issues/19459 to speed up
-  # merge process.
   def merge_accumulators(self, accumulators, *args, **kwargs):
-    merged_accumulator = self.create_accumulator()
-    for accumulator in accumulators:
+    accumulator_iter = iter(accumulators)
+    try:
+      merged_accumulator = next(accumulator_iter)

Review Comment:
   I mentioned this below, but it would likely be more efficient to find the 
largest accumulator and use that as the starting point.
   
   Ideally, we'd look for the accumulator with the largest _sample_heap size. 
If 2 are tied, then we'd look for the one with the larger _min_hash



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