jk-shah opened a new issue, #41042:
URL: https://github.com/apache/beam/issues/41042

   ### What happened?
   
   
   A pipeline that reads a file and writes it straight to Parquet fails when the
   data has more than one column:
   
   ```yaml
   # pipeline.yaml
   pipeline:
     type: chain
     transforms:
       - type: ReadFromCsv
         config: {path: users.csv}
       - type: WriteToParquet
         config: {path: out/users.parquet}
   ```
   
   ```
   $ printf 'id,name\n1,Ada\n2,Grace\n' > users.csv
   $ python -m apache_beam.yaml.main --yaml_pipeline_file=pipeline.yaml
   ...
   pyarrow.lib.ArrowInvalid: Column 1 named name expected length 2 but got 
length 0
     [while running 'ReadFromCsv/Unbatch ...']
   ```
   
   The same happens without YAML:
   
   ```python
   import apache_beam as beam
   
   with beam.Pipeline() as p:
     _ = (
         p
         | beam.io.ReadFromCsv('users.csv')
         | beam.io.WriteToParquet('out/users', schema=None))
   ```
   
   Observed with Beam 2.75.0 (pyarrow 23.0.1, pandas 2.3.3) on PrismRunner,
   FnApiRunner and DirectRunner. The code involved is unchanged on `master`.
   
   * Single-column data works.
   * `ReadFromCsv` -> `WriteToJson` works.
   * `ReadFromJson` -> `WriteToParquet` fails the same way.
   * Adding any step in between (for example a `Filter` or `MapToFields`) avoids
     the failure, which is why it is easy to miss.
   
   
   ### Cause
   
   `ReadFromCsv` produces pandas DataFrame batches and `WriteToParquet` consumes
   `pyarrow.Table` batches, so the runner rebatches between them in
   `GeneralPurposeConsumerSet.receive_batch`
   (`sdks/python/apache_beam/runners/worker/operations.py`):
   
   ```python
   consumer_batch_converter.produce_batch(
       self.producer_batch_converter.explode_batch(windowed_batch.values))
   ```
   
   `explode_batch` returns a generator, but `BatchConverter.produce_batch` is
   declared to take a `Sequence[E]`. `PyarrowBatchConverter.produce_batch`
   iterates its input once per column, so the first column consumes the
   generator and every later column is empty.
   
   ### Issue Priority
   
   Priority: 2 (default / most bugs should be filed as P2)
   
   ### Issue Components
   
   - [x] Component: Python SDK
   - [ ] Component: Java SDK
   - [ ] Component: Go SDK
   - [ ] Component: Typescript SDK
   - [ ] Component: IO connector
   - [ ] Component: Beam YAML
   - [ ] Component: Beam examples
   - [ ] Component: Beam playground
   - [ ] Component: Beam katas
   - [ ] Component: Website
   - [ ] Component: Infrastructure
   - [ ] Component: Spark Runner
   - [ ] Component: Flink Runner
   - [ ] Component: Prism Runner
   - [ ] Component: Hazelcast Jet Runner
   - [ ] Component: Google Cloud Dataflow Runner


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