xinlifoobar commented on code in PR #12080:
URL: https://github.com/apache/datafusion/pull/12080#discussion_r1735604818


##########
datafusion/functions/Cargo.toml:
##########
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ encoding_expressions = ["base64", "hex"]
 # enable math functions
 math_expressions = []
 # enable regular expressions
-regex_expressions = ["regex"]
+regex_expressions = ["regex", "string_expressions"]

Review Comment:
   Have to do this for `StringArrayType`. Maybe we should consider relocating 
it to a common package?



##########
datafusion/functions/src/regex/regexpcount.rs:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,766 @@
+// Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+// or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+// distributed with this work for additional information
+// regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+// to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+// "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+// with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+// software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+// "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+// KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+// specific language governing permissions and limitations
+// under the License.
+
+use arrow::array::{Array, ArrayRef, AsArray, Datum, Int64Array};
+use arrow::datatypes::{DataType, Int64Type};
+use arrow::datatypes::{
+    DataType::Int64, DataType::LargeUtf8, DataType::Utf8, DataType::Utf8View,
+};
+use arrow::error::ArrowError;
+use datafusion_common::{exec_err, internal_err, Result, ScalarValue};
+use datafusion_expr::{
+    ColumnarValue, ScalarUDFImpl, Signature, TypeSignature::Exact,
+    TypeSignature::Uniform, Volatility,
+};
+use itertools::izip;
+use regex::Regex;
+use std::collections::hash_map::Entry;
+use std::collections::HashMap;
+use std::sync::Arc;
+
+use crate::string::common::StringArrayType;
+
+#[derive(Debug)]
+pub struct RegexpCountFunc {
+    signature: Signature,
+}
+
+impl Default for RegexpCountFunc {
+    fn default() -> Self {
+        Self::new()
+    }
+}
+
+impl RegexpCountFunc {
+    pub fn new() -> Self {
+        Self {
+            signature: Signature::one_of(
+                vec![
+                    Uniform(2, vec![Utf8, LargeUtf8, Utf8View]),
+                    Exact(vec![Utf8, Utf8, Int64]),
+                    Exact(vec![Utf8, Utf8, Int64, Utf8]),
+                    Exact(vec![LargeUtf8, LargeUtf8, Int64]),
+                    Exact(vec![LargeUtf8, LargeUtf8, Int64, LargeUtf8]),
+                    Exact(vec![Utf8View, Utf8View, Int64]),
+                    Exact(vec![Utf8View, Utf8View, Int64, Utf8View]),
+                ],
+                Volatility::Immutable,
+            ),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl ScalarUDFImpl for RegexpCountFunc {
+    fn as_any(&self) -> &dyn std::any::Any {
+        self
+    }
+
+    fn name(&self) -> &str {
+        "regexp_count"
+    }
+
+    fn signature(&self) -> &Signature {
+        &self.signature
+    }
+
+    fn return_type(&self, _arg_types: &[DataType]) -> Result<DataType> {
+        Ok(Int64)
+    }
+
+    fn invoke(&self, args: &[datafusion_expr::ColumnarValue]) -> 
Result<ColumnarValue> {
+        let len = args
+            .iter()
+            .fold(Option::<usize>::None, |acc, arg| match arg {
+                ColumnarValue::Scalar(_) => acc,
+                ColumnarValue::Array(a) => Some(a.len()),
+            });
+
+        let is_scalar = len.is_none();
+        let inferred_length = len.unwrap_or(1);
+        let args = args
+            .iter()
+            .map(|arg| arg.clone().into_array(inferred_length))
+            .collect::<Result<Vec<_>>>()?;
+
+        let result = regexp_count_func(&args);
+        if is_scalar {
+            // If all inputs are scalar, keeps output as scalar
+            let result = result.and_then(|arr| 
ScalarValue::try_from_array(&arr, 0));
+            result.map(ColumnarValue::Scalar)
+        } else {
+            result.map(ColumnarValue::Array)
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+pub fn regexp_count_func(args: &[ArrayRef]) -> Result<ArrayRef> {
+    let args_len = args.len();
+    if !(2..=4).contains(&args_len) {
+        return exec_err!("regexp_count was called with {args_len} arguments. 
It requires at least 2 and at most 4.");
+    }
+
+    let values = &args[0];
+    match values.data_type() {
+        Utf8 | LargeUtf8 | Utf8View => (),
+        other => {
+            return internal_err!(
+                "Unsupported data type {other:?} for function regexp_count"
+            );
+        }
+    }
+
+    regexp_count(
+        values,
+        &args[1],
+        if args_len > 2 { Some(&args[2]) } else { None },
+        if args_len > 3 { Some(&args[3]) } else { None },
+    )
+    .map_err(|e| e.into())
+}
+
+/// `arrow-rs` style implementation of `regexp_count` function.
+/// This function `regexp_count` is responsible for counting the occurrences 
of a regular expression pattern
+/// within a string array. It supports optional start positions and flags for 
case insensitivity.
+///
+/// The function accepts a variable number of arguments:
+/// - `values`: The array of strings to search within.
+/// - `regex_array`: The array of regular expression patterns to search for.
+/// - `start_array` (optional): The array of start positions for the search.
+/// - `flags_array` (optional): The array of flags to modify the search 
behavior (e.g., case insensitivity).
+///
+/// The function handles different combinations of scalar and array inputs for 
the regex patterns, start positions,
+/// and flags. It uses a cache to store compiled regular expressions for 
efficiency.
+///
+/// # Errors
+/// Returns an error if the input arrays have mismatched lengths or if the 
regular expression fails to compile.
+pub fn regexp_count(
+    values: &dyn Array,
+    regex_array: &dyn Datum,
+    start_array: Option<&dyn Datum>,
+    flags_array: Option<&dyn Datum>,
+) -> Result<ArrayRef, ArrowError> {
+    let (regex_array, is_regex_scalar) = regex_array.get();
+    let (start_array, is_start_scalar) = start_array.map_or((None, true), 
|start| {
+        let (start, is_start_scalar) = start.get();
+        (Some(start), is_start_scalar)
+    });
+    let (flags_array, is_flags_scalar) = flags_array.map_or((None, true), 
|flags| {
+        let (flags, is_flags_scalar) = flags.get();
+        (Some(flags), is_flags_scalar)
+    });
+
+    match (values.data_type(), regex_array.data_type(), flags_array) {
+        (Utf8, Utf8, None) => regexp_count_inner(
+            values.as_string::<i32>(),
+            regex_array.as_string::<i32>(),
+            is_regex_scalar,
+            start_array.map(|start| start.as_primitive::<Int64Type>()),
+            is_start_scalar,
+            None,
+            is_flags_scalar,
+        ),
+        (Utf8, Utf8, Some(flags_array)) if *flags_array.data_type() == Utf8 => 
regexp_count_inner(
+            values.as_string::<i32>(),
+            regex_array.as_string::<i32>(),
+            is_regex_scalar,
+            start_array.map(|start| start.as_primitive::<Int64Type>()),
+            is_start_scalar,
+            Some(flags_array.as_string::<i32>()),
+            is_flags_scalar,
+        ),
+        (LargeUtf8, LargeUtf8, None) => regexp_count_inner(
+            values.as_string::<i64>(),
+            regex_array.as_string::<i64>(),
+            is_regex_scalar,
+            start_array.map(|start| start.as_primitive::<Int64Type>()),
+            is_start_scalar,
+            None,
+            is_flags_scalar,
+        ),
+        (LargeUtf8, LargeUtf8, Some(flags_array)) if *flags_array.data_type() 
== LargeUtf8 => regexp_count_inner(
+            values.as_string::<i64>(),
+            regex_array.as_string::<i64>(),
+            is_regex_scalar,
+            start_array.map(|start| start.as_primitive::<Int64Type>()),
+            is_start_scalar,
+            Some(flags_array.as_string::<i64>()),
+            is_flags_scalar,
+        ),
+        (Utf8View, Utf8View, None) => regexp_count_inner(
+            values.as_string_view(),
+            regex_array.as_string_view(),
+            is_regex_scalar,
+            start_array.map(|start| start.as_primitive::<Int64Type>()),
+            is_start_scalar,
+            None,
+            is_flags_scalar,
+        ),
+        (Utf8View, Utf8View, Some(flags_array)) if *flags_array.data_type() == 
Utf8View => regexp_count_inner(
+            values.as_string_view(),
+            regex_array.as_string_view(),
+            is_regex_scalar,
+            start_array.map(|start| start.as_primitive::<Int64Type>()),
+            is_start_scalar,
+            Some(flags_array.as_string_view()),
+            is_flags_scalar,
+        ),
+        _ => Err(ArrowError::ComputeError(
+            "regexp_count() expected the input arrays to be of type Utf8, 
LargeUtf8, or Utf8View and the data types of the values, regex_array, and 
flags_array to match".to_string(),
+        )),
+    }
+}
+
+pub fn regexp_count_inner<'a, S>(
+    values: S,
+    regex_array: S,
+    is_regex_scalar: bool,
+    start_array: Option<&Int64Array>,
+    is_start_scalar: bool,
+    flags_array: Option<S>,
+    is_flags_scalar: bool,
+) -> Result<ArrayRef, ArrowError>
+where
+    S: StringArrayType<'a>,
+{
+    let (regex_scalar, is_regex_scalar) = if is_regex_scalar || 
regex_array.len() == 1 {
+        (Some(regex_array.value(0)), true)
+    } else {
+        (None, false)
+    };
+
+    let (start_array, start_scalar, is_start_scalar) =
+        if let Some(start_array) = start_array {
+            if is_start_scalar || start_array.len() == 1 {
+                (None, Some(start_array.value(0)), true)
+            } else {
+                (Some(start_array), None, false)
+            }
+        } else {
+            (None, Some(1), true)
+        };
+
+    let (flags_array, flags_scalar, is_flags_scalar) =
+        if let Some(flags_array) = flags_array {
+            if is_flags_scalar || flags_array.len() == 1 {
+                (None, Some(flags_array.value(0)), true)
+            } else {
+                (Some(flags_array), None, false)
+            }
+        } else {
+            (None, None, true)
+        };
+
+    match (is_regex_scalar, is_start_scalar, is_flags_scalar) {
+        (true, true, true) => {
+            let regex = match regex_scalar {
+                None | Some("") => {
+                    return Ok(Arc::new(Int64Array::from(vec![0; 
values.len()])))
+                }
+                Some(regex) => regex,
+            };
+
+            let pattern = compile_regex(regex, flags_scalar)?;
+
+            Ok(Arc::new(Int64Array::from_iter_values(
+                values
+                    .iter()
+                    .map(|value| count_matches(value, &pattern, start_scalar))
+                    .collect::<Result<Vec<i64>, ArrowError>>()?,
+            )))
+        }
+        (true, true, false) => {
+            let regex = match regex_scalar {
+                None | Some("") => {
+                    return Ok(Arc::new(Int64Array::from(vec![0; 
values.len()])))
+                }
+                Some(regex) => regex,
+            };
+
+            let flags_array = flags_array.unwrap();
+            if values.len() != flags_array.len() {
+                return Err(ArrowError::ComputeError(format!(
+                    "flags_array must be the same length as values array; got 
{} and {}",
+                    values.len(),
+                    flags_array.len()
+                )));
+            }
+
+            let mut regex_cache = HashMap::new();
+            Ok(Arc::new(Int64Array::from_iter_values(
+                values
+                    .iter()
+                    .zip(flags_array.iter())
+                    .map(|(value, flags)| {
+                        let pattern =
+                            compile_and_cache_regex(regex, flags, &mut 
regex_cache)?;
+                        count_matches(value, &pattern, start_scalar)
+                    })
+                    .collect::<Result<Vec<i64>, ArrowError>>()?,
+            )))
+        }
+        (true, false, true) => {
+            let regex = match regex_scalar {
+                None | Some("") => {
+                    return Ok(Arc::new(Int64Array::from(vec![0; 
values.len()])))
+                }
+                Some(regex) => regex,
+            };
+
+            let pattern = compile_regex(regex, flags_scalar)?;
+
+            let start_array = start_array.unwrap();
+
+            Ok(Arc::new(Int64Array::from_iter_values(
+                values
+                    .iter()
+                    .zip(start_array.iter())
+                    .map(|(value, start)| count_matches(value, &pattern, 
start))
+                    .collect::<Result<Vec<i64>, ArrowError>>()?,
+            )))
+        }
+        (true, false, false) => {
+            let regex = match regex_scalar {
+                None | Some("") => {
+                    return Ok(Arc::new(Int64Array::from(vec![0; 
values.len()])))
+                }
+                Some(regex) => regex,
+            };
+
+            let flags_array = flags_array.unwrap();
+            if values.len() != flags_array.len() {
+                return Err(ArrowError::ComputeError(format!(
+                    "flags_array must be the same length as values array; got 
{} and {}",
+                    values.len(),
+                    flags_array.len()
+                )));
+            }
+
+            let mut regex_cache = HashMap::new();

Review Comment:
   Do we want a global regex cache?



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