I have implemented UTF8-encode/decode. Unlike the code someone has already posted it handles all UTF8 sequences, including those longer than 3 bytes. It also catches all illegal UTF8 sequences (such as characters encoded with a longer sequence than necessary). Here is the code.
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{- This module contains functions for converting to and from the UTF8 representations for Strings. -} module UTF8( toUTF8, -- :: String -> String -- Converts a String (whose characters must all have codes <2^31) into -- its UTF8 representation. fromUTF8WE, -- :: Monad m => String -> m String -- Converts a UTF8 representation of a String back into the String, -- catching all possible format errors. -- -- Example: With the Haskell module Control.Monad.Error, you can -- instance this as -- (fromUTF8WE :: String -> Either String String) -- to get a conversion function which either succeeds (Right) or -- returns an error message (Left). ) where
import Char import List
import Data.Bits
import Computation
-- -------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Encoding -- --------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- | Converts a String into its UTF8 representation.
toUTF8 :: String -> String
toUTF8 [] = []
toUTF8 (x:xs) =
let
xs1 = toUTF8 xs
ox = ord x mkUTF8 :: Int -> String -> Int -> Int -> String
mkUTF8 x0 xs0 xmask0 xmax0 =
let
xbot = 0x80 .|. (x0 .&. 0x3f)
x1 = x0 `shiftR` 6
xs1 = chr xbot : xs0
in
if x1 < xmax0
then
chr (xmask0 .|. x1) : xs1
else
let
xmask1 = xmask0 .|. xmax0
xmax1 = xmax0 `shiftR` 1
in
mkUTF8 x1 xs1 xmask1 xmax1
in
if ox <= 0x7f
then
x : xs1
else
if ox `shiftR` 31 /= 0
then
error ("Huge character with code " ++ show ox ++
" detected in string being converted to UTF8.")
else
mkUTF8 ox xs1 0xc0 0x20-- | Converts a UTF8 representation of a String back into the String,
-- catching all possible format errors.
--
-- Example: With the Haskell module Control.Monad.Error, you can
-- instance this as
-- (fromUTF8WE :: String -> Either String String)
-- to get a conversion function which either succeeds (Right) or
-- returns an error message (Left).
fromUTF8WE :: Monad m => String -> m String
fromUTF8WE [] = return []
fromUTF8WE (x0 : xs0) =
let
ox = ord x0
in
case topZero8 ox of
7 ->
do
xs1 <- fromUTF8WE xs0
return (x0 : xs1)
6 ->
fail "UTF8 escape sequence starts 10xxxxxx"
0 ->
fail "UTF8 escape sequence starts 11111110"
-1 ->
fail "UTF8 escape sequence starts 11111111"
n ->
let
r = 6 - n -- number of 6-bit pieces
xtop = ox .&. ones n minx =
bit (
if r == 1
then
7
else
5*r + 1
) mkx [] _ _ =
fail "UTF8 string ends in middle of escape sequence"
mkx (ch : xs1) x0 count0 =
do
let
och = ord ch
if och .&. 0x80 /= 0x80
then
fail ("UTF8 escape sequence contains continuing "
++ "character not of form 10xxxxxx")
else
return ()
let
xbot = och .&. 0x3f
x1 = (x0 `shiftL` 6) .|. xbot
count1 = count0 - 1
if count1 == 0
then
return (x1,xs1)
else
mkx xs1 x1 count1
in
do
(x,xs1) <- mkx xs0 xtop r
if x < minx
then
fail ("UTF8 escape sequence contains character not "
++ "optimally encoded")
else
do
xs2 <- fromUTF8WE xs1
return (chr x : xs2)
-- -------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Binary utilities -- --------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- | return the number of the top bit which is zero, or -1 if they
-- are all zero, for a number between 0 and 255.
topZero8 :: Int -> Int
topZero8 i =
case
(findIndex not
(map
(\ bn -> testBit i bn)
[7,6..0]
))
of
Just n -> 7 - n
Nothing -> -1-- | (ones i) is number with binary representation 1 written i times. ones :: Int -> Int ones i = bit i - _______________________________________________ Glasgow-haskell-users mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://www.haskell.org/mailman/listinfo/glasgow-haskell-users
