Hi all and I wish you all a happy New Year,
I was trying to create a bootable persistent Linux Mint 20 USB stick
with EFI support from a linux mint20 .iso downloaded from the internet.
but something went wrong and...now I get an unallocated hard drive message.
I would like to know how to repair / fix an unallocated hard drive, if
possible, preferably without losing the data on it.
The computer was was purchased in 2015 from dnuk.com and came as follows:
Deskstar D540 R3
sda1 100GB ext4 /
sda2 8 GB swap
sda3 1700 ext4 /home
Raw capacity 2000 GB
Intel core i5-4430
GFX Controller NVIDIA GT 610
I might have reduced / to 10 GB, but I can't remember for sure. It was
running Linux Mint 19.0 and originally Debian 7.7
I've also had the following:
Bad magic number in super block error
I'm hoping to make it bootable again and return to using it as before,
if possible. It seeems to be advisable to copy the dev/sda disk to
another hard drive using GNU ddrescue. Something like ddrescue
--no-split /dev/sda /media/usbdrive/image /media/usbdrive/logfile onto a
4 TB portable drive maybe. Just in case anything else goes wrong and so
I'll have a copy of what's on the hard drive.
Then maybe use parted rescue START END to rescue lost partitions one at
a time near START and END.
Any suggestions as to how to proceed and hopefully restore the existing
data on the "unallocated space" would be welcome.
I've used a Knoppix 8.6 USB stick to boot the computer and had the
following:
knoppix@Microknoppix:~$ df
Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on
rootfs 1980020 52 1979968 1% /
/dev/sdb1 4916840 4521048 395792 92% /mnt-system
tmpfs 3170304 0 3170304 0% /ramdisk
/dev/cloop 9459128 9459128 0 100% /KNOPPIX
/dev/cloop1 2262876 2262876 0 100% /KNOPPIX1
/dev/cloop2 148074 148074 0 100% /KNOPPIX2
/dev/mapper/KNOPPIX-DATA 25545968 43032 25502936 1% /KNOPPIX-DATA
unionfs 25545968 43032 25502936 1% /UNIONFS
tmpfs 20480 3240 17240 16% /run
tmpfs 10240 4 10236 1% /UNIONFS/var/lock
tmpfs 102400 76 102324 1% /UNIONFS/var/log
tmpfs 2097152 4 2097148 1% /tmp
cgroup 12 0 12 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
udev 20480 0 20480 0% /dev
tmpfs 2097152 0 2097152 0% /dev/shm
knoppix@Microknoppix:~$ fdisk -l
Disk /dev/ram0: 4 MiB, 4194304 bytes, 8192 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes
Disk /dev/ram1: 4 MiB, 4194304 bytes, 8192 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes
Disk /dev/ram2: 4 MiB, 4194304 bytes, 8192 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes
Disk /dev/ram3: 4 MiB, 4194304 bytes, 8192 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes
Disk /dev/ram4: 4 MiB, 4194304 bytes, 8192 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes
Disk /dev/ram5: 4 MiB, 4194304 bytes, 8192 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes
Disk /dev/ram6: 4 MiB, 4194304 bytes, 8192 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes
Disk /dev/ram7: 4 MiB, 4194304 bytes, 8192 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes
Disk /dev/ram8: 4 MiB, 4194304 bytes, 8192 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes
Disk /dev/ram9: 4 MiB, 4194304 bytes, 8192 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes
Disk /dev/ram10: 4 MiB, 4194304 bytes, 8192 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes
Disk /dev/ram11: 4 MiB, 4194304 bytes, 8192 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes
Disk /dev/ram12: 4 MiB, 4194304 bytes, 8192 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes
Disk /dev/ram13: 4 MiB, 4194304 bytes, 8192 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes
Disk /dev/ram14: 4 MiB, 4194304 bytes, 8192 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes
Disk /dev/ram15: 4 MiB, 4194304 bytes, 8192 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes
Disk /dev/cloop0: 9 GiB, 9686220800 bytes, 18918400 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk /dev/cloop1: 2.2 GiB, 2317352960 bytes, 4526080 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk /dev/cloop2: 144.8 MiB, 151781376 bytes, 296448 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk /dev/zram0: 2.9 GiB, 3046658048 bytes, 743813 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 4096 = 4096 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes
Disk /dev/sda: 1.8 TiB, 2000398934016 bytes, 3907029168 sectors
Disk model: ST2000DX001-1CM1
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes
Disklabel type: gpt
Disk identifier: 855C35AB-DF58-4AD0-A242-58BC6E6BD581
Disk /dev/sdb: 29.1 GiB, 31205621760 bytes, 60948480 sectors
Disk model: Cruzer Glide 3.0
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x1661d69a
Device Boot Start End Sectors Size Id Type
/dev/sdb1 * 2048 9854975 9852928 4.7G c W95 FAT32 (LBA)
/dev/sdb2 9854976 60948479 51093504 24.4G 83 Linux
Disk /dev/mapper/KNOPPIX-DATA: 24.4 GiB, 26159874048 bytes, 51093504 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
knoppix@Microknoppix:~$ fsck -y /dev/sda
fsck from util-linux 2.33.1
e2fsck 1.44.5 (15-Dec-2018)
ext2fs_open2: Bad magic number in super-block
fsck.ext2: Superblock invalid, trying backup blocks...
fsck.ext2: Bad magic number in super-block while trying to open /dev/sda
The superblock could not be read or does not describe a valid ext2/ext3/ext4
filesystem. If the device is valid and it really contains an ext2/ext3/ext4
filesystem (and not swap or ufs or something else), then the superblock
is corrupt, and you might try running e2fsck with an alternate superblock:
e2fsck -b 8193 <device>
or
e2fsck -b 32768 <device>
Found a gpt partition table in /dev/sda
knoppix@Microknoppix:~$ mke2fs -n /dev/sda
mke2fs 1.44.5 (15-Dec-2018)
Found a gpt partition table in /dev/sda
Proceed anyway? (y,N) N
knoppix@Microknoppix:~$ fixparts /dev/sda
FixParts 1.0.3
Loading MBR data from /dev/sda
This disk appears to be a GPT disk. Use GNU Parted or GPT fdisk on it!
Exiting!
knoppix@Microknoppix:~$ gdisk /dev/sda
GPT fdisk (gdisk) version 1.0.3
Partition table scan:
MBR: protective
BSD: not present
APM: not present
GPT: present
Found valid GPT with protective MBR; using GPT.
Command (? for help): ?
b back up GPT data to a file
c change a partition's name
d delete a partition
i show detailed information on a partition
l list known partition types
n add a new partition
o create a new empty GUID partition table (GPT)
p print the partition table
q quit without saving changes
r recovery and transformation options (experts only)
s sort partitions
t change a partition's type code
v verify disk
w write table to disk and exit
x extra functionality (experts only)
? print this menu
Command (? for help): p
Disk /dev/sda: 3907029168 sectors, 1.8 TiB
Model: ST2000DX001-1CM1
Sector size (logical/physical): 512/4096 bytes
Disk identifier (GUID): 855C35AB-DF58-4AD0-A242-58BC6E6BD581
Partition table holds up to 128 entries
Main partition table begins at sector 2 and ends at sector 33
First usable sector is 34, last usable sector is 3907029134
Partitions will be aligned on 2048-sector boundaries
Total free space is 3907029101 sectors (1.8 TiB)
Number Start (sector) End (sector) Size Code Name
Command (? for help): i
No partitions
Command (? for help): b
Enter backup filename to save: /home/knoppix/Desktop/KNOPPIX/gptData
The operation has completed successfully.
Command (? for help): ^C
knoppix@Microknoppix:~$ swapoff -a
swapoff: Not superuser.
knoppix@Microknoppix:~$ sudo swapoff -a
knoppix@Microknoppix:~$ sudo parted /dev/sda
GNU Parted 3.2
Using /dev/sda
Welcome to GNU Parted! Type 'help' to view a list of commands.
(parted) help
align-check TYPE N check partition N for
TYPE(min|opt)
alignment
help [COMMAND] print general help, or help on
COMMAND
mklabel,mktable LABEL-TYPE create a new disklabel
(partition
table)
mkpart PART-TYPE [FS-TYPE] START END make a partition
name NUMBER NAME name partition NUMBER as NAME
print [devices|free|list,all|NUMBER] display the partition table,
available devices, free space, all found partitions, or a
particular
partition
quit exit program
rescue START END rescue a lost partition near
START
and END
resizepart NUMBER END resize partition NUMBER
rm NUMBER delete partition NUMBER
select DEVICE choose the device to edit
disk_set FLAG STATE change the FLAG on selected
device
disk_toggle [FLAG] toggle the state of FLAG on
selected
device
set NUMBER FLAG STATE change the FLAG on partition
NUMBER
toggle [NUMBER [FLAG]] toggle the state of FLAG on
partition
NUMBER
unit UNIT set the default unit to UNIT
version display the version number and
copyright information of GNU Parted
(parted) ^C
knoppix@Microknoppix:~$ ddrescue --version
GNU ddrescue 1.23
Copyright (C) 2018 Antonio Diaz Diaz.
License GPLv2+: GNU GPL version 2 or later
<http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>
This is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it.
There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law.
knoppix@Microknoppix:~$
Thank you,
--
Regards,
Mark Preston
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