I am looking for resources regarding the early history of the
atmospheric and oceanic sciences. The literature on this subject
appears at first glance to be quite sparse. I'd be happy to be proven
wrong on this, though.

My motivating question is wondering how old the basic understanding of
convective clouds is.

On Wikipedia, a detailed mathematical theory is attributed to Tor
Bergeron and W. Findeisen in the 1930s, but surely there was a cruder
understanding of it that is much older. The requisite components seem
to me to result from a qualitative understanding of saturation vapor
pressure, Dalton 1802, according to
http://fermi.jhuapl.edu/people/babin/vapor/index.html , and latent
heat, attributed in Wikipedia to a Joseph Black ca. 1750. Thus, it
would appear that the instability that gives rise to a cumulus tower
would have been understandable very early in the 19th century. I would
imagine that some particular person who had the required scientific
knowledge was standing outside on a summer day had a eureka
experience. I wonder why I don't know who that was who first
understood what a storm cloud is.

I'd welcome any insights on this particular questions or pointers to
appropriate resources.

Right now I am reading  "Calculating the Weather: Meteorology in the
20th Century" by F. Nebeker (Academic Press 1995) but this work is
very sketchy on the early history of meteorological ideas.

mt


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