'Furthermore, FS is highly anticorrelated with cosmic ray fluxes reaching Earth on a wide range of timescales [60]. This makes any relationship of FS with UV emissions and top-down solar forcing a relevant factor in the considerable debate about reported correlations between climate (in particular global or regional cloud cover) and GCRs. Indeed some authors have noted that apparent solar cycle variations in cloud cover are in better agreement with the UV irradiance variation than that of GCRs [61–63], although we note that other studies that have tried to discriminate between electromagnetic irradiance and direct cosmic ray effects do find some evidence for the latter [64, 65]. A great many palaeoclimate studies have found links between regional or local climate indicators and cosmogenic isotopes and so it has been argued that this is either evidence for a direct cosmic ray effect or that the cosmic rays are proxy indicators for the correlated irradiance variability [66]. In particular, the much cited and much debated paper by Bond et al [67] revealed a persistent correlation during the Holocene between ice-rafted debris in the North Atlantic region and cosmogenic isotopes. The results presented here and in the recent paper by Woollings et al [26] suggest that solar UV variability and top-down solar forcing can introduce regional changes in the troposphere in the region studied by Bond et al and that these may vary on centennial timescales, as recently reported in the Central England temperature records by Lockwood et al [25]. The implication is that seasonal/regional evaluation of past and future climate change will be improved by models with adequate resolution in the stratosphere to reproduce top-down solar forcing.'
http://iopscience.iop.org/1748-9326/5/3/034008/fulltext#erl358854s2 There is a top down influence on regulation of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current - and hence the Humbolt Current and ENSO. ENSO and clouds are connected through sea surface temperature. http://www.springerlink.com/content/m025w8n112540176/ www.cfa.harvard.edu/~wsoon/EarlyEarth07-d/ZhuHackKiehlB07.pdf Has cloud cover changed? It is far and way the major cause of warming in the satelite era - I'll link to a discussion of mine but do check the TOA radiant flux. http://sciencefile.org/SciFile/component/content/article/1557-an-empirically-based-1st-order-differential-global-energy-model-cloud-changes-in-the-satellite-era- Stick your head outside your usual box and see which way the wind is blowing. -- You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups Global Change ("globalchange") newsgroup. Global Change is a public, moderated venue for discussion of science, technology, economics and policy dimensions of global environmental change. Posts will be admitted to the list if and only if any moderator finds the submission to be constructive and/or interesting, on topic, and not gratuitously rude. To post to this group, send email to [email protected] To unsubscribe from this group, send email to [email protected] For more options, visit this group at http://groups.google.com/group/globalchange
