I do however believe that factoring a product of two large
prime numbers might either be the subject of a sudden mathematical
breakthrough, or that the solution is already known to my
adversaries but this fact has been kept secret.

tl;dr summary of the rest of this email -- don't focus on factorization, and be careful of thinking about a post-RSA future.




I can't comment on this (for the most pedestrian of reasons: I can't predict the future, and if anyone currently knows how to do it they sure haven't told me), but a little commentary might be appropriate:

1. We would like integer factorization to belong to complexity class NP-Complete, but there are good reasons to think it's not. If its NP-Completeness could be proven, then so much of mathematics would be transformed that I'm not sure continued confidence in *anything* involving computers would be warranted.

2. If someone could prove IFP was in P, that would be ... breathtaking, to say the least. Same thing: if it could be proven, that would be such a seismic shift -- and would foment such revolutions in mathematics -- as to jeopardize confidence for years until the repercussions of it were fully understood.

3. If IFP is NP-intermediate, as it's currently conjectured to be, then nothing short of quantum computation will endanger it.

4. But RSA is not the same as the IFP, and Dan Boneh has written a great paper showing that it may be possible to break RSA without needing to factor anything. We don't know how to do it, we don't even have *hints* about how to do it, just a good paper from Dan Boneh showing that it may in fact be possible to do it. But this, too, would be such a breakthrough as to jeopardize confidence, etc., etc.

5.  If and when RSA gets broken, all bets are off.


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