Excellent work on the colonization of India by the Portuguese.
I highlight page 22, because here in Portugal there are still history
teachers who insist on the Portuguese presence “honest without bad
intentions in the East”, avoiding making references to the
uncomfortable aspect:
Page 22 - 5. Concluding remarks: In this paper, I have tried to
demonstrate the diverse patterns of activities of the Portuguese in
Asia and the relations between these activities, as discussed by the
specialized literature of the last three decades. PIRACY,
PRIVATEERING, TRADE WITH EUROPE (WITH THE CAREER OF INDIA), INTRAASIAN
TRADE (WITH THE VOYAGES AND CAREERS), AND THE VARIOUS FORMS OF
TAXATION WERE ALL AN INTEGRAL PART OF THE PORTUGUESE ENTERPRISE IN
ASIA, EVEN THOUGH THEY SOMETIMES CONVERGED AND SOMETIMES CONFLICTED.
These patterns of activities involved different forms of land
occupation, developed various networks with local agents and relied on
diverse arrangements with Asian powers.
Renata Cabral Bernabé, Brazilian, has a degree in History from the
University of São Paulo (2009), a master's degree (2013) and a
doctorate (2018) in Social History from the University of São Paulo.
In addition to her PhD at Sophia University (Tokyo), she has a
postdoctoral degree from Tohoku University (Sendai, Japan) and is
currently working on a project on modern Asian history at the European
University Institute (EUI) in Florence, Italy. He has experience in
the area of History, with an emphasis on Modern Asian History, working
mainly on the following topics: History of Japan, Christian Missions
in Asia, History of Capitalism in Asia.
----- Mensagem de Frederick Noronha <[email protected]> ---------
Data: Sat, 7 Jun 2025 00:40:26 +0530
De: Frederick Noronha <[email protected]>
Assunto: [GRN] Building the First European Enterprise in Early
Modern Asia: The Portuguese Estado and the Carreira(s) System (Renata
Cabral Bernabé)
Para: [email protected]
Abstract: After Vasco da Gama reached Calicut, in India, in 1498,
the Portuguese became the first European nation to regularly trade
with Asia via the Cape of Good Hope and the only one to do so for
the subsequent hundred years. Over the course of the sixteenth
century, the Portuguese built numerous trading factories along the
Asian coastline and signed diverse agreements with local rulers.
They also launched several intra-Asian trade voyages, developing a
complex enterprise that relied both on Portuguese subjects and local
Asian agents. When the northern European chartered companies entered
the Asian trading arena in the early seventeenth century, they drew
extensively upon the networks and structures that
the Portuguese had built. However, the literature on the European
East India companies downplays the role of the Portuguese in
sixteenth-century Asia and overlooks the extensive scholarship on
the Portuguese enterprise both in the sixteenth and in the following
centuries. In an effort to facilitate the integration of this body
of knowledge, this paper reviews the scholarly debates of the last
three decades on the Portuguese in Asia and considers the formation
of a Portuguese enterprise in the Indian Ocean. It is structured
around three patterns of activity developed by the Portuguese in the
Indian Ocean – the Carreira da Índia, the intra-
Asian trade voyages and the shadow empire – and the territorial
occupation created by each of these activities.
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