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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_capital
Social capital "refers to the collective value of all 'social networks' and the inclinations that ' and the inclinations that arise from these networks to do things for each other," according to Robert Putnam, author of Bowling Alone
and the concept's leading exponent (though not its originator). According to Putnam and his followers, social capital is a key component to building and maintaining democracy.
The term "capital" is used by analogy with other forms of economic capital, as social capital is argued to have similar (although less measurable) benefits, and as a result is now considered by institutions such as the World Bank in deciding policy. Social capital is also argued to have a host of other benefits for societies, governments, individuals, and communities; Putnam likes to note that joining an organization cuts an invidual's chance of dying in the next year in half.
However, social capital may not always be beneficial. Horizontal networks of individual citizens and groups that enhance community productivity and cohesion are said to be positive social capital assets whereas self-serving exclusive gangs and hierarchical patronage systems that operate at cross purposes to communitarian interests can be thought of as negative social capital burdens on society.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Civil_society
Civil society or civil institutions are the total of civic and social organizations or institutions are the total of civic and social organizations or institutions that form the bedrock of a functioning democracy. Civil society groups advocate and take action primarily for social development and public interest.
Examples of civil society institutions:
* non-governmental organizations (NGOs)
* private voluntary organizations (PVOs)
* peoples' organizations
* community-based organizations
* civic clubs
* trade unions
* gender, cultural, and religious groups
* charities
* social and sports clubs
* cooperatives
* environmental groups
* professional associations
* academia
* policy institutions
* consumers/consumer organizations
* the media
* citizens' militia
* organized religionCare to share your thoughts on this subject? FN
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Frederick Noronha (FN) Nr Convent, Saligao 403511 Goa India
Freelance Journalist P: 832-2409490 M: 9822122436 http://fn.swiki.net http://www.livejournal.com/users/goalinks
http://fn-floss.notlong.com http://www.ryze.com/go/fredericknoronha
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