>  Apparently I can use Google to get these distances and am
> thrilled that this service is freely available.

Slow down a minute, it's not all freely available, it comes with terms
and conditions.   You need to check your plans against those.
http://code.google.com/apis/maps/terms.html
Specifically, Google geo-services require you to display content they
supply on a Google map (ultimately).  You haven't mentioned a map in
your plans, so that may rule out using Google data.

> 1.  Get the exact address/location that Google can use to calcuclate
> the distances (I believe this is referred to as geocoding)

Yes.   If you want to do this at the server, you can
http://code.google.com/apis/maps/documentation/services.html#Geocoding_Direct
If you fall foul of Google's terms, you may look at other services,
there are many -
http://groups.google.com/group/google-maps-api/web/resources-non-google-geocoders

> 2.  I then need to go to Google with this info to calculate the
> distances between lots of (all of?) the different addresses on a
> repeating basis.

There's a choice to made here.   Do you mean straight-line distance?
That can simply be calculated by well known algorithms.

If you mean by-road, services like Directions can supply that -
http://code.google.com/apis/maps/documentation/services.html#Directions
However Google Directions are NOT available server-side, can only be
called client-side from one of the APIs.

Without knowing what you need the info for, a combination is
possible.  e.g. for "find the nearest" you might use straight-line to
eliminate all but a few and only fetch by-road distance for the few
candidates.

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