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https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/HDFS-5497?page=com.atlassian.jira.plugin.system.issuetabpanels:comment-tabpanel&focusedCommentId=13819353#comment-13819353
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Kihwal Lee commented on HDFS-5497:
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I experimented with 125M blocks. The following is replication queue 
initialization times.
- No under-replicated blocks: 29 seconds
- Worst case - all under-replicated: 252 seconds

I made the initial size configurable and also disabled automatic growing of the 
array. I.e. letting the hash collision chain grow.
- Worst case with 100M entries pre-allocated : 68 seconds
- Worst case with 10M entries pre-allocated : 77 seconds

I also measured time to reinsert all blocks in order to see how the look up 
time changes with the longer collision chains.
- Reinsert with 100M entries pre-allocated, average chain length 1.2 : 32 
seconds
- Reinsert with 10M entries pre-allocated, average chain length 12 : 33 seconds



> Performance may suffer when UnderReplicatedBlocks is used heavily
> -----------------------------------------------------------------
>
>                 Key: HDFS-5497
>                 URL: https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/HDFS-5497
>             Project: Hadoop HDFS
>          Issue Type: Improvement
>          Components: namenode
>            Reporter: Kihwal Lee
>
> Currently UnderReplicatedBlocks uses LightWeightLinkedSet with the default 
> initial size of 16.  If there are a lot of under-replicated blocks, insertion 
> and removal can be very expensive.
> We see 450K to 1M under-replicated block during start-up, which typically go 
> away soon as last few data nodes join. With 450K under-replicated blocks, 
> replication queue initialization would re-allocate the underlying array 15 
> time and reinsert elements over 1M times.  As block reports come in, it will 
> go through the reverse.  I think this one of the reasons why initial block 
> reports after leaving safe mode can take very long time to process.
> With a larger initial/minimum size, the timing gets significantly shorter. 



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