If the driving force of intelligence in the twentieth-century business
has been IQ, then-in accordance to growing evidence - in the
twenty-first century it will be EQ, and related and practical forms of
practical and creative intelligence. This "new" intelligence is the
heart-level engine that drives human capital and produces the
exceptional, creative work required for any company to lead the field
amidst the turbulence and confusion of global market changes. In this
note, we attempt to understand Emotional Intelligence.
"Emotional Intelligence" refers to the capacity for recognizing our
own feelings and those of others, for motivating ourselves,
and for managing emotions well in ourselves and in our relationship.
It describes abilities distinct from, but complementary to academic
intelligence, the purely cognitive capacities measured by IQ. Many
people who are book-smart but lacks EQ end up working for people who
have lower IQs than them but who excel in EQ skills.
These two different kinds of intelligence -intellectual and
emotional-express the activity of different parts of the brain. The
intellect is based on the working of the neocortex, the more recently
evolved layers at the top of the brain. The emotional centres are
lower in the brain, in the more ancient sub cortex; EQ involves these
emotional centres at work, in concert with the intellectual centres.
Among the most influential theorists of intelligence to point out the
distinction between intellectual and emotional capacities was Howard
Garner, a Harvard psychologist, who in 1983 proposed a widely regarded
model of "multiple intelligence". His lists seven kinds of
intelligence included not just the familiar verbal and math�s
abilities, but also two "personal" varieties: knowing one's inner
world and social adeptness.
A comprehensive theory of EQ was proposed in 1990 by two
psychologists, Peter Salovey, at Yale, and John Mayer, now at the
University of New Hampshire. Another pioneering model of EQ was
proposed in the 1980s by Reuven Bar-On, an Israeli psychologist. In
recent years several other theorists have proposed variations on the
same idea.
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