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http://www.islamicity.com/articles/Articles.asp?ref=IC0611-3172
1
Makkah Declaration on the Iraqi Situation
11/30/2006 - Political Religious Social - Article Ref: IC0611-3172
Number of comments: 3
Opinion Summary: Agree:3 Disagree:0 Neutral:0
By: Muslim scholars
IslamiCity* -
About 50 Iraqi Muslim scholars representing the country's Shia and Sunni
communities met on October 19, 2006, at the royal palace in Makkah, Saudi
Arabia that overlooks the Ka'aba, Islam's holiest site, and signed an edict
(Fatwa) making attacks on Muslims in Iraq a sin.
MAKKAH AL-MUKARRAMAH DECLARATION
ON THE IRAQI SITUATION
Praise and Glory be to Almighty God, and May His Peace and Blessings be Upon
His Prophet Mohamed and all his Kin and Companions
In view of the present situation in Iraq, where bloodshed is widespread, and
where aggression on assets and property, perpetrated under the guise of Islam,
is daily occurrence, and in response to the invitation of the Secretary-General
of the Organization of the Islamic Conference (OIC) and under the umbrella of
the OIC International Islamic Fiqh Academy (IIFA),
We the scholars of Iraq, from both the Sunnis and the Shiites, having met in
Makkah Al-Mukarramah in Ramadan of the Lunar Hijra year of 1427H (2006) and
deliberated on the situation in Iraq and the disastrous plight of the Iraqi
people, issue and proclaim the following Declaration:
I. The Muslim is he who professes his faith by bearing
witness that there is no God but Allah and that Mohamed is His Prophet. These
fundamental principles apply equally to the Sunnis and the Shiites without
exception. The common grounds between the two schools of thought are many times
more than areas of difference and their causes. Any difference between them are
merely differences of opinion and interpretation and not essential differences
of faith or on the substance of the Pillars of Islam. From the Islamic Shari'a
viewpoint, no one follower of either schools may excommunicate, hereticate, or
in any other way cast aspersions on the faith and fidelity of a follower of the
other school, on the grounds that God's Prophet (PBUH) said:
"If ever one of you calls his brother: You infidel, one of them shall come out
the infidel and bear the onus thereof!".
II. The blood, property, honor, and reputation of Muslims is
sacrosanct on the grounds of the noble verses of the Holy Quran, in which
Almighty God says:
"And whoever deliberately and with premeditation kills a believer, his
recompense is Hell to abide therein, and the Wrath and the Curse of God are
upon him, and a great punishment is prepared for him";
and the immaculate Tradition of the Prophet Mohamed (PBUH), which says:
"Everything pertaining to the Muslim is sacrosanct, including his blood,
property, honor, and reputation".
Therefore, no Muslim, whether he or she is Shiite or Sunni, may be subject to
murder or any harm, intimidation, terrorization, or aggression on his property;
incitement thereto; or forcible displacement, deportation, or kidnapping.
Moreover, no member of his family may be held hostage on grounds of religious
or sectarian belonging. Whoever perpetrates such acts shall fall from the fold
and grace of the whole Ummah, including all Muslim authorities, scholars, and
all believers.
III. All houses of worship are sacrosanct, including mosques and
the non-Muslim houses of worship of all faiths and religions. Therefore, these
places of worship may not be attacked, appropriated, or in any other way used
as a haven to perpetrate acts in contravention of our Magnanimous Shari'a.
Instead, they should remain entirely at the disposal of their owners who should
regain total and unfettered access to them in application of the Muslim
jurisprudential rule adopted by all Islamic schools that:
"All religious endowments and Awqaf shall be subject to the terms and
conditions established by their owners" that: "a condition stipulated by the
Donor shall be treated just as a Shari'a rule"; and that: "That which is part
of practice and custom shall be deemed as a contractual provision".
IV. The crimes committed on sight on grounds of sectarian
identity or belonging, such as those now being perpetrated in Iraq, fall within
the ambit of "wickedness, and mischief on the earth", which was prohibited and
proscribed by Almighty God when He said:
"When he turns his back, His aim everywhere is to spread mischief through the
earth and destroy crops and cattle. But God loveth not mischief."
The espousal of a school of thought, whatever it may be, is not a justification
for killing or aggression, even if some followers of that school commit a
punishable act since:
"A bearer of burdens cannot bear another's burdens".
V. Any provocation of sensitivities or sectarian, ethnic,
geographical, or linguistic strife should be shunned and averted. Similarly,
any name-calling, abuse, or vilification and invectives uttered by any one
party in attack on another should be avoided in view of the express prohibition
by the Holy Quran, which labeled such conduct as "blasphemy":
"Nor defame nor be sarcastic to each other, nor call each other by offensive
nicknames: Ill-seeming is a name connoting wickedness used of one after he has
believed: And those who do not desist are indeed wrong doers".
VI. Certain things and principles should never be forfeited,
including in particular the unity, cohesion, cooperation, and solidarity in
piety and righteousness, which should all be preserved and protected against
any attempt to tear them asunder, for Almighty God said:
"The Believers are but a single Brotherhood" and He also said:
"Truly! This Ummah of yours is a single brotherhood, and I am your Lord,
therefore worship Me".
Necessarily therefore, it is incumbent upon all Muslims to adopt caution and
vigilance against all attempts to sow division among them, break their ranks,
or incite sedition, strife, and hate to corrupt their divine spiritual bonds
with each other.
VII. Muslims, both Sunnis and the Shiites all in unison champion
the cause of the persecuted and unite against the oppressor and the unjust, as
they act in application of Almighty God's words:
"Verily, God enjoins justice, righteousness and good deeds, charity and
assistance to kith and kin and He forbids all shameful deeds, injustice, and
oppression. He admonishes you, that you may take heed".
Accordingly, our endeavors should seek to put an end to all injustices,
including most particularly by ensuring the release of all innocent prisoners
and hostages, whether Muslims or non-Muslims, and the return of the displaced
to their original homes.
VIII. The scholars remind the Iraqi Government of its duty to
provide security, protection and means of decent livelihood to all categories
and sections of the Iraqi people and to uphold justice among them, principally,
by ensuring the release of innocent detainees, by bringing to speedy and fair
trial, and executing the ruling against, those indicted of crime, while
observing strictly the principle of equality among all citizens.
IX. The Sunnite and Shiite scholars support all efforts aimed at
achieving comprehensive national reconciliation in Iraq in accordance with the
words of the Almighty God:
"Reconciliation is best" and "Help ye one another in righteousness and piety".
X. Muslims, whether Sunnite or Shiite, will thus stand united
in protecting the independence, unity, and territorial integrity of Iraq;
realizing and consecrating the free will of the Iraqi people, contributing to
the military, economic, and political capacity-building of their country in
order to put an end to occupation and restore and reinstate Iraq's Arab-Islamic
and human cultural and civilizational role.
The scholars who have signed this Declaration appeal to all Muslim scholars
to support its provisions and urge the Muslims of Iraq to pledge adherence to
it. They pray to Almighty God, on this sacred soil and blessed grounds, to
protect and preserve the faith of all Muslims, ensure the safety of their
homeland, and bring the Arab-Muslim country of Iraq out of its plight, end its
trials and tribulations and reinstate Iraq as a fortress and pillar of the
Muslim Ummah in the face of its enemies.
Our final and eternal prayer is always that Praise and Glory be to Almighty
God, the Lord of the Universe and all worlds therein.
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