History of Photography and the Camera
"Photography" is derived from the Greek words photos ("light") and graphein
("to draw") The word was first used by the scientist Sir John F.W. Herschel in
1839. It is a method of recording images by the action of light, or related
radiation, on a sensitive material.
On a summer day in 1827, it took eight hours for Joseph Nicéphore Niépce to
obtain the first fixed image. About the same time a fellow Frenchman, Louis
Jacques Mandé Daguerre was experimenting to find a way to capture an image, but
it would take another dozen years before he was able to reduce the exposure
time to less than 30 minutes and keep the image from disappearing. ushering in
the age of modern photography.
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Louis-Jacques-Mandé Daguerre, inventor of the first practical process of
photography, was born near Paris, France on November 18, 1789. A professional
scene painter for the opera, Daguerre began experimenting with the effects of
light upon translucent paintings in the 1820s. In 1829, he formed a partnership
with Joseph Nicéphore Niépce to improve the process Niépce had developed to
take the first permanent photograph in 1826-1827. Niépce died in 1833.
After several years of experimentation, Daguerre developed a more convenient
and effective method of photography, naming it after himself -- the
daguerreotype. In 1839, he and Niépce's son sold the rights for the
daguerreotype to the French government and published a booklet describing the
process.
The daguerreotype gained popularity quickly; by 1850, there were over seventy
daguerreotype studios in New York City alone.
end of Part 1
