Well, first I would like to apologize for starting The Thread That Never
Dies.

<;-)>
I am astonished to discover I can run a 500 tic(k) server.  Probably needs
whopping processor power to run it, but simulation processing would be so
wickedly fast, that response packets might even be sent back to the clients
before the client commands are actually received.  Finally, the ultimate
solution to lag:  a psychic server!
</;)>

I think there may be two confusions at play here:  my original post was
about SRCDS and not HLDS.

The second confusion seems to be between server FPS and tickrate, which as I
understand it, are fundamentally different things.  If I am wrong, please
correct me, but I thought tickrate represents the number of simulation tasks
that the server should perform in a single "cycle".  That's not "ticks per
second" - that's "tasks per simulation cycle" - which I guess to be the
interval between when all the client inputs are received until the responses
are dispatched.

A high tickrate results in more precision in the simulation (e.g.
collisions, clipping, physics, directional sound generation, object motion
and location) but causes more calculations to be applied before the cycle is
deemed complete and hence, makes the "cycles" longer.  If the server
processor is not up the task, this injects lag, because clients will be
waiting for the simulation cycle to complete, before response packets are
dispatched.  A high tickrate server is not necessarily a performant one.
FPS, if I understand correctly, is essentially the "read rate" for I/O
operations.  How frequently does the server check for inputs?  Since this is
expressed as fps_max, I am led to guess that the the speed of the simulation
engine drives I/O demand.  Hence, a high fps_max will not overwhelm a low
tickrate server, however, a low fps_max setting will certainly choke a high
tickrate server and result in an I/O bound process.

Tickrate is a fixed server parameter that can be set only once - when the
process is started, as an argument provided on the command line that starts
the process.

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