Hello, Concerned by the performances of HSQLDB, I've made an audit (using Together 6.0). (see attachment)
I've take a look on the source code of hsqldb and find some easy improvments which can speed up hsqldb. In fact, this is some rules to keep in mind while coding: -1- int size = Vector.size(); for( int i = 0; i < size; i++ ) {} is better than for( int i = 0; i < Vector.size(); i++ ) {} it's the same for arrays: size = array.length -2- Vector is a synchronized object, ArrayList do the same but is not synchronized. Although a RDBMS must provide transaction isolation and thus Vector might be useful to do that, I think that sometime, hsqldb could use ArrayList objects instead of Vector. This remark applies to Hashtable vs HashMap too. -3- I've made some performance tests: Y= 100,000 times and X = 1,000,000 times, remark the different results between Vector (V) and ArrayList (A)! (Embedded image moved to file: pic16827.pcx) -3.1- Y Creation of Vector: 3345ms Y Creation of ArrayList: 3234ms -3.2- Y addElement (V): 1292ms Y add (A): 1602ms -3.3- Y synchronized addElement (V): 1262ms Y synchronized add (A): 1552ms it means: synchronized( Vector ) { size = Vector.size(); for ( int i = 0; i < size; i++ ) Vector.addElement( ); } -3.4- X elementAt (V): 350ms -3.5- X synchronized elementAt (V): 350ms -3.6- X get (V): 361ms X get (A): 291ms -3.7- X synchronized get (V): 340ms X synchronized get (A): 300ms -3.8- X Iterator (V): 912ms X Iterator (A): 792ms it means: for( Iterator i = Vector.iterator(); i.hasNext(); ) i.next(); -3.9- X synchronized Iterator (V): 851ms X synchronized Iterator (A): 801ms As you can see, synchronized access to a Vector in a loop is faster but not for ArrayList (because it's already synchronized). Iterator must not be used (if it's possible). Regards, Loic Lefevre (See attached file: hsqldb_1_7_0_AUDIT.zip) This message and any attachments (the "message") is intended solely for the addressees and is confidential. If you receive this message in error, please delete it and immediately notify the sender. Any use not in accord with its purpose, any dissemination or disclosure, either whole or partial, is prohibited except formal approval. The internet can not guarantee the integrity of this message. BNP PARIBAS (and its subsidiaries) shall (will) not therefore be liable for the message if modified. --------------------------------------------- Ce message et toutes les pieces jointes (ci-apres le "message") sont etablis a l'intention exclusive de ses destinataires et sont confidentiels. Si vous recevez ce message par erreur, merci de le detruire et d'en avertir immediatement l'expediteur. Toute utilisation de ce message non conforme a sa destination, toute diffusion ou toute publication, totale ou partielle, est interdite, sauf autorisation expresse. L'internet ne permettant pas d'assurer l'integrite de ce message, BNP PARIBAS (et ses filiales) decline(nt) toute responsabilite au titre de ce message, dans l'hypothese ou il aurait ete modifie.
pic16827.pcx
Description: Binary data
hsqldb_1_7_0_AUDIT.zip
Description: Zip archive