> Awang Terima kasih atas informasi-nya , karena kalau Sioarjo ada s.z wah berabe dong.
Si-Abah. ___________________________________________________________________ Abah, > > Dalam kasus LUSI, lumpur dan gas yang tersembur itu bukan merupakan > akumulasi yang berasal dari sedimen yang terperangkap di zone subduksi > seperti ditulis jurnal tersebut. Kita tahu, lumpur dan gas itu berasal > dari zone depresi Kendeng yang sedimennya diendapkan dengan sangat cepat > sehingga memicu diapirisme, diapirisme memicu mud volcano, mud volcano > tererupsi karena dipicu gempa atau kegiatan pemboran. > > Tetapi, kalau untuk kasus gunung-gunung lumpur di Sawu Basin di utara > Pulau Sawu (dekat Sumba-Rote), kalau Abah pernah lihat beberapa seismic > sections di Sawu Basin, di situ banyak gunung2 lumpur bawah laut. Nah, > ini adalah memang berasal dari sedimen yang terakumulasi di zone > subduksi, dan erupsinya didorong oleh kompresi dari thrust sheets yang > banyak terbentuk di melange wedge Sawu-Rote-Timor. > > salam, > awang > > [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: > > Kang Awang. > > Re- keterangan diatas , bagaimana mengaplikasikan - nya dalam kasus > Sidoarjo ? > > Apakah posisi subduction zone dan saat sedimentasi mendukung pendapat > diatas ? > > Kelihatannya kita harus melihat dan belajar dari kejadian kejadian di - > region lain untuk menambah data sebelum suatu kesimpulan final dicapai. > Hal ini penting SEKALI karena akan menyangkut suatu keputusan Pengadilan > dalam banyak "pengaduan dari masyarakat". > > Si- Abah > > [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: > > Coba kita tengok bagaimana jurnal-jurnal ilmiah luar negeri mengulas > LUSI >> ini. Saya mengamati beberapa, dan ternyata semua sama yaitu bahwa mereka >> hanya sepakat bahwa Lusi adalah "mud volcano eruption" Apa penyebab >> erupsinya ? Gempakah, pengeboran Lapindokah ? Tak tahu. Besar >> kemungkinan >> dua-duanya. Sebuah jurnal menyebutkan juga gejala geotermal. Di bawah >> ini >> adalah salah satunya. >> >> Salam, >> Awang >> >> >> Mud volcano floods Java >> >> >> Disaster-plagued Indonesian island faces new threat. >> >> by Richard Van Noorden >> [EMAIL PROTECTED] >> What Has Happened ? >> For 3 months a sea of hot mud has been gushing from the ground in >> Sidoarjo, East Java, 35 kilometres south of Indonesia's second largest >> city, Surabaya. The steaming mud pool is growing at an estimated 50,000 >> cubic metres a day, accompanied by hydrogen sulphide gas, and now >> reportedly covers more than 25 square kilometres. The flow has not yet >> been stopped; thousands of people have lost their homes. >> >> How bizarre... has this sort of disaster happened before? >> >> The Sidoarjo disaster is an example of a 'mud volcano'. > ________________________________________________________________________ > > Mud and gas >> accumulates when sea sediments are trapped in subduction zones, where >> one >> tectonic plate slides under another, and can erupt out of volcanic cones >> or simply from a crack in the ground. > > Kang Awang. > > Re- keterangan diatas , bagaimana mengaplikasikan - nya dalam kasus > Sidoarjo ? > > Apakah posisi subduction zone dan saat sedimentasi mendukung pendapat > diatas ? > > Kelihatannya kita harus melihat dan belajar dari kejadian kejadian di - > region lain untuk menambah data sebelum suatu kesimpulan final dicapai. > Hal ini penting SEKALI karena akan menyangkut suatu keputusan Pengadilan > dalam banyak "pengaduan dari masyarakat". > > Si- Abah > > ________________________________________________________________________ > > > > Mud volcanoes have burst on every >> continent, but are abundant in the South Caspian region (offshore and >> onshore Azerbaijan) and offshore Indonesia in the East Java Basin. >> But the Sidoarjo mud volcano is rather unusual. It's huge. And, says Sam >> Rice, a geologist at the University of Cambridge, UK, reports of the mud >> eruption suggest that it is a hybrid between typical mud volcanoes and >> hydrothermal vents. The mud is of an unusually high temperature (60 °C) >> and contains enormously high concentrations of hydrogen sulphide gas. >> This >> suggests that some kind of volcanic, hydrothermal activity is going on >> at >> the same time. >> >> What creates the conditions for a mud volcano? >> >> Achim Kopf, a geologist from the University of Bremen, Germany, who has >> studied mud volcanoes extensively, explains that marine sediment can be >> scraped off an oceanic tectonic plate as it slides underneath a >> continental plate. If the sediment accumulates rapidly and water is >> trapped in its pores, this can stop the sediment being cemented by >> pressure. The resulting reservoir of mud can be trapped underground. In >> the case of the East Java mud flow, the mud is thought to have come from >> a >> reservoir some 2.7 kilometres below the Earth's surface. >> >> And what triggers an eruption? >> >> A number of things can create a crack that allows trapped mud to bubble >> to >> the surface; particularly earthquakes and drilling. >> >> And in Java specifically? >> >> In Java both of these things have happened recently. The oil and gas >> exploration company PT Lapindo Brantas is drilling in the area, and the >> gas and hot mud first spewed from the company's drilling rig on 28 May. >> Geologist Georg Delisle of the Federal Institute for Geosciences and >> Natural Resources (BGR), Hannover, Germany, explains that the drilling >> apparently penetrated into the liquid sediment and created a connection >> back to the surface. The pressure then squeezed up the mud, like >> toothpaste from a tube. But it is likely that other connections were >> made >> to the surface, he adds not just through the drilling pipe because >> attempts to pump concrete into the pipe to block the flow of mud have >> failed. >> On 27 May an earthquake struck and devastated Yogyakarta on Java, and >> this >> too could have cracked the ground, potentially helping to release the >> mud. >> But the quake's epicentre was some 300 kilometres away from the mud >> volcano (making it only 2 on the Richter scale in that area). >> The issue of what, exactly, caused this disaster is highly politically >> charged. It is still under investigation by police, the government and >> international experts. >> >> Just how big is the eruption? >> >> According to many geological experts, the scale of this mud volcano is >> unprecedented at least on land. >> In 1945, the Makran earthquake in Pakistan triggered the sudden >> emergence >> of three offshore mud volcanoes, and in March 1999 a mud volcano rose >> out >> of the water overnight to form Malan Island, 3 kilometres from >> Pakistan's >> coast. It is hard to estimate the volume of mud created by such >> underwater >> eruptions. And, notes Rice: "Because the extrusion of mud and toxic gas >> occurs on the seabed it does not threaten human life and does not make >> the >> headlines." >> 'Well-kick' the sudden surface eruption of gas and mud during offshore >> oil >> drilling is common, but usually stops after a few days. Delisle recalls >> a >> smaller-scale incident in the 1960s where a geothermal well in the >> Wairakei geothermal field, New Zealand, ran wild: it took 3 months to >> stop >> the geothermal steam that found its way to the surface alongside the >> original borehole. >> >> Can the disaster be stopped? >> >> Nobody knows. So far, nothing has worked. PT Lapindo Brantas's senior >> vice-president Imam Agustino has been quoted saying: "The best-case >> scenario [for stopping the mudflow] is now mid-November, but I have to >> admit it might never be stopped." >> Visit our newsblog to read and post comments about this story. >> Article Copyright © 2006 MacMillan Publishers Ltd. >> All rights reserved. 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