FYI, sebagai kelengkapan email saya terdahulu. Kuntadi ________________________________
From: A3M Tsunami Alarm System [mailto:[email protected]] Sent: Thursday, October 01, 2009 12:56 AM To: Kuntadi, Nugrahanto Subject: Report - Tsunami Warning - Samoa Islands Region Dear Tsunami Institute Newsletter Subscriber, On September 29th, 2009, at 06:48 AM local time (September 29th, 2009, at 05:48 PM UTC) an earthquake occurred near the Samoa and American Samoa Islands, with a magnitude Mw 8.0 in a depth of about 18 kilometres. Because of the earthquake magnitude and the relatively shallow location of the hypocenter, there was a concrete danger of a destructive tsunami. Thus, the subscribers of the Tsunami Alarm System were informed via SMS about the event shortly after the earthquake. A Tsunami was generated by the undersea earthquake and has killed at least 100 people in Samoa, American Samoa and Tonga. Most of the damage occurred in the Samoan islands, which include Samoa, a small nation of about 220,000 people, and American Samoa, a U.S. territory nearby with about 65,000 people. Meteorological officials declared tsunami warnings for a number of other South Pacific islands, including Fiji and New Zealand. After approximately four hours, additional data and information were available, indicating that there was no occurrence of a widespread destructive tsunami - thus, an All-Clear Signal for the South Pacific region was sent to the subscribers of the Tsunami Alarm System. *Geological background: The broad-scale tectonics of the Tonga region are dominated by the relative convergence of the Pacific and Australian plates, with the Pacific plate subducting westward beneath the Australian plate at the Tonga trench. At the latitude of the earthquake of September 29, 2009, the Pacific plate moves westward with respect to the interior of the Australian plate at a velocity of about 86 mm/year. The earthquake occurred near the northern end of a 3,000 km long segment of the Pacific/Australian plate boundary that trends north-northeast.; farther north of the earthquake's source region, the plate boundary trends northwest and then west. The eastern edge of the broad Australian plate may be viewed as a collection of small plates or microplates that move with respect to each other and with respect to the Pacific plate and the Australian plate interior. The broad-scale Australian/Pacific plate boundary is one of the most active earthquake regions in the world. Earthquakes occur on the thrust-fault boundary between the Australian and Pacific plates, within the Pacific plate on both sides of the trench, and within and on the boundaries of the small plates that compose the eastern edge of the overall Australian plate. Best Regards Your Tsunami Institute Team Sources: Tsunami Institute Tuebingen, Germany *United States Geological Service (2009): Earthquake Summary. 2009 September 29th --------------------------------------------------------- A3M Mobile Personal Protection GmbH - Tsunami Institute Phone office: +49 (0) 7071 9755940 Fax: +49 (0) 7071 9755959 Email: [email protected] Internet: www.tsunami-alarm-system.com Internet: www.a3mobile.com Hintere Grabenstrasse 30 D-72070 Tuebingen Germany
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