Vick
Teima kasih atas infonyasinya.
Siapa sih
penyelenggaranya , dan siapa siapa saja yang hadir ?
si Abah
On Thu, June 30, 2011 11:43 am, Rovicky Dwi Putrohari
wrote:
> 2011/6/30 Yanto R.Sumantri <[email protected]>:
>>
>> Rekan
>>
>> Saya mendengar
bahwa beberapa waktu yang lalu pak RPK memberikan
>>
presentasi
>> di Kementerian ESDM..Apaah ada Rekan yang
mengikuti presentasi tsb ?
>> Apa apa saja yang disampaikan
oleh Beliau ?Apa ada idee yang baru ?
>> Kalau boeh share - lah
...............
>
> Kebetulan saya menjadi
moderatornya.
> dibawah ini item-item dalam presentasi tsb
>
> RDP
> ==============================
>
> THE IMPORTANCE OF NEW IDEAS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF HYDROCARBON
EXPLORATION
> CONCEPTS
> Pengembangan metoda secara
academis di bidang hulu Migas
> “Oil is first found in the
mind of men” (Wallace E. Pratt, 1952: The
> philosophy of
exploration)
>
> There are two aspect of oil and gas
exploration in the upstream of the
> petroleum industry:
>
Exploration Concepts (Plays Concepts)
> Exploration Methods or
Exploration Technology
> These two aspects of exploration are
inseparable
> Exploration Technology/Methods without Exploration
Concept is blind.
> Exploration Concept without Exploration
Technology/Methods is lame.
>
> OIL IS FOUND IN NEW AREAS
WITHOLD IDEAS, BUT OIL IS ALSO FOUND IN OLD
> AREAS
>
USING NEW IDEAS
> IDEAS AND TECHNOLOGY
> Exploration
Technology is developing rapidly, but it is getting more
>
expensive to develop and to operate. This is the case in seismic
methods.
> Exploration technology and methods can be patented.
> Exploration technology usually follows an exploration concept.
> There are examples where an exploration concept or
“plays” cannot be
> realized because of lack of
exploration technology to detect this new
> concept of
exploration.
> As an example the idea of oil accumulation
in carbonate reefs in
> Papua area was already conceived since
before World War II by NNGPM
> geologist Only a few discoveries
were made using surface geologic methods.
> It was not until the
70s that significant discoveries were made (Petromer
> Trend,
1972) with the development of digital seismic methods, which can
>
detect reef build-ups.
>
> OLD MATURE BASINS AND NEW
IDEAS
> In Western Indonesia most oil and gas accumulations have
been found using
> old ideas.
> No new significant
discoveries can be expected using conventional
> exploration
plays.
> Encouragement of new exploration concept is required.
>
> FRONTIERS AND NEW IDEAS
> New areas in Indonesia
are more becoming more difficult to access, such as
> deep sea
basins, and Eastern Indonesia, therefore increasingly expensive
>
to
> explore, and a more higher risk to take.
> New areas
or frontiers are often geologically difficult areas not
>
considered
> as prospective for hydrocarbon accumulations,
therefore, requires also new
> ideas and new exploration
technology. Such as parts of Java have a
> considerable thick
volcanic cover, technology for sub-volcanic/sub-basalt
>
exploration is still to be developed.
> Only increasing oil prices
and favorable political and business
> environment
> will
stimulate exploration in new areas.
>
> HISTORY OF
IDEAS
> The historical development of exploration plays started
with the
> anticlinal
> theory in the 19th century, with
the sandstone reservoir concept and the
> organic theory of
hydrocarbon origin.
> This historical development can be traced in
the development of the
> classification of the traps with the
latest trap classification
> emphasizing
> on the sealing
aspect:
> Clapp, 1929; Wilson, 1934; Heroy,1941;de Sitter, 1941;
Wilhelm,
> 1945;Levorsen, 1967;Perrodon, 1983;North, 1985; Milton
and Bertram, 1992.
> These classifications indicate the progress
of ideas through time.
>
> RESERVOIR CONCEPT
>
However, the concept or reservoir rock is also equally important, the
> concept of granular porosity in sandstones, the concept of
diagenetic
> porosity in carbonates, and fracture porosity in all
kind of rocks,
> including volcanics and crystalline rock or even
shales.
> This is particularly made possible in the development of
seismic methods
> such as using azimuthal surveys and
multi-component surveys
> In the mature South Sumatra Basin
fractured basement plays is now the
> current exploration concept
since the discovery of the Suban field. This
> is
>
probably true for other basins in western Indonesia.
>
>
FRACTURE RESERVOIRS
> New ideas on the origin of fracture
reservoirs have developed recently:
> not
> only by
tectonic processes, but also other processes.
>
>
TECTONIC FRACTURES.
> This is the most common fracture reservoir
entertained by the petroleum
> industry, advances have been made
in understanding and prediction of
> fractures, mainly in basement
rocks.
>
> EXTRA-TERRESTRIAL FRACTURES IN METEORIC IMPACT
CRATERS:
> Numerous fields in the world are known to be associated
in meteoric
> impact
> craters (Canterell field in
Chicxubluc crater, Mexico, Ames field in
> Texas,
> US,
Redwing Creek field, North Dakota, US etc).
>
>
ARTIFICIAL FRACTURES.
> The development of artificial fracturing
technology also makes it possible
> to have a new idea of
exploration concept of shale oil and shale gas,
> exploiting
hydrocarbons directly in the kitchen where hydrocarbons were
>
being generated
>
> SOURCE ROCKS
> The
development of concept of source rock is also important in the
>
development of new exploration plays.
> In the old days only
marine sediments, shales, were considered as source
> rocks.
> Nowadays non marine lacustrine deposits are probably the main
source rock
> in
> western Indonesia.
> Coal and
coaly shales are also now considered as source rock, such as in
>
NW
> Java Basin, although it is controversial.
>
Maturation is often considered a problem, but now we know that immature
> source rock can also generate biogenic gas.
> The discovery
of the Tiger field offshore Vietnam and the oil and gas
>
accumulations in impact craters also sparks a new revival in the
>
inorganic/a-biogenic origin of hydrocarbons.
>
>
DEVELOPMENT OF DRILLING TECHNOLOGY
> The new exploration concept
also includes reservoir relatively thin
> layers
> with
highly spatial variation made its exploration and extraction very
> difficult and expensive.
> However, interest has increased
significantly due to recent enhancements
> to
>
unconventional gas well development technology, specifically horizontal
> drilling and hydraulic fracturing.
> The benefits of
horizontal drilling are that multiple lateral/horizontal
> targets
can be produced from a single well.
> These drilling and
production technology are also strongly dependent on
> the
> use of new and appropriate technologies of seismic survey and
the
> geological
> knowledge of the plays.
>
> NEW IDEAS AND THE INDIVIDUAL GEOLOGIST
> An individual
geologist with new ideas can only prove his new exploration
>
concepts or plays by convincing the management of a company to acquire
a
> block where his new exploration plays exist, explore, drill
the prospect,
> and makes a discovery.
> The company will
get the credit for the discovery and of course the reward
> by
getting a new reserves and the eventual increase in production. Of
> course
> a company expects a much higher reward for its
willingness to enter a much
> higher risk
> The individual
geologist who develops a successful new idea may be given
> credit
for the discovery within the company, but rarely known outside his
> company.
> The geoscientist working for a company may be
rewarded by allowing him to
> publish his successful idea in
scientific journals, but no financial
> reward,
> unless
he is getting an option in the company stock. But also most of the
> time he can not get permission to publish their papers due to
data
> confidentiality.
> In a worse case situation this
individual geologist got laid off before
> his
> good
ideas are proven to be right.
> Once an idea or exploration
concept is successful by discovering a new oil
> or gas field,
other companies will follow as ideas cannot be patented.
>
> THE ENTERPRENEUR GEOLOGIST
> An entrepreneur geologist
would probably not be satisfied with this
> situation.
>
Having an new exploration concept he will raise capital by convincing
> investors with high risk capital to form his own exploration
company,
> acquire a block where the geologic condition satisfy
his ideas of a new
> exploration concept or plays.
>
Successful new ideas of exploration concepts are actually rare, more
new
> ideas develop into a failure. But to discover new oil fields
in a mature
> petroleum basin requires new ideas or exploration
concept (For science to
> advance, scientist must be free to make
mistakes).
>
> THE IMPLEMENTATION OF IDEAS
>
Exploration concepts are initially ideas developed in the mind of men.
> New exploration ideas developed in other countries may not be
applicable
> in
> Indonesia
> To apply these
ideas depends on:
> The up to date knowledge on the regional
geology of the area
> The accurate geologic data availability in
the whole region.
>
> REGIONAL GEOLOGY KNOWLEDGE
> Studies on the regional geology of Indonesia is of utmost
importance for
> developing new ideas.
> The rapid
development of literature in the geology of Indonesia is a good
>
sign (Van Gorsel. 2011)
> Research in regional geology should be
encouraged and funded.
> Research in universities and government
research institution should not be
> limited to justify
prospectivity of blocks.
>
> SUBSURFACE DATA
AVAILABILITY
> Recent legislation on public access to petroleum
data is to be applauded.
> However, there appears to be snags in
accessing 5 year old data.
> Subsurface petroleum data should also
be available to university and
> research institutions.
>
Accessibility of new petroleum data is of utmost important to apply new
> ideas on exploration play concepts.
>
> NEW IDEAS
AND RISK
> In view of the decreasing reserves and production in
Indonesia a conducive
> environment is required for individuals or
companies to explore for
> hydrocarbons using bold new ideas.
> Only bold new ideas can discover significant hydro-carbon
accumulations or
> even giant fields in Indonesia.
>
Exploration based on bold new ideas is an extremely high risk venture
> bordering on speculation.
> It should be therefore rewarded
by a higher take of the production
> results.
> As ideas
cannot be patented, once is it is successful it will be followed
>
by
> others.
>
> THE RISK FACTOR AND REWARD
> Not all basins have the same risk factors.
> Established
mature basins have a much lower risk.
> Frontier areas have a much
higher risk due to its scarcity of data,
> complicated geology and
accessibility.
> This risk factor should be reflected in the
production split as the main
> criteria for tender.
>
> BOLD NEW IDEAS AND THE INDONESIAN SOCIETY
> Bold new ideas
are of course not in the mind of mainstream geoscientist
> who
> evaluate basins based on the established of exploration
concepts.
> Indonesian society cannot accept a new discovery not
anticipated by the
> state oil and gas institutions which use
established ideas.
> If a new discovery is made based on a new
exploration play, it feels to be
> betrayed by its own
institutions.
> Do not expect new significant discoveries with
established ideas
>
> PRESENT STATE OF REGULATIONS
> Present state regulations on Production Sharing Contract are not
conducive
> for drilling prospects using bold and especially
speculative exploration
> plays as it requires a lengthy approval
by oil and gas authorities.
> This is primarly to prevent in case
of failure, where the cost of
> failure
> ends up to be
carried by the state.
> This can be remedied by the abolition the
approval procedure, but
> increasing the split for the contractor
through tender, while all the
> exploration risk will be totally
at the contractor’s cost.
>
> CONCLUSIONS
>
To increase or even sustain production level discoveries of new
reserves
> through exploration is a must.
> As less and
less discoveries are made using old established ideas, new
>
ideas
> with higher risk exploration concepts should be encouraged
through a
> higher
> reward.
> To apply new ideas
in exploration concept data availability and research
> in
> regional geology must be improved.
> A new business and
political environment should be created to increase
> reward and
simplification of procedures.
>
--
_______________________________________________
Nganyerikeun hate
batur hirupna mo bisa campur, ngangeunahkeun hate jalma hirupna pada
ngupama , Elmu tungtut dunya siar Ibadah kudu lakonan.
