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For an example of open source byte COBOL check out the zcobol Portable 
Mainframe COBOL compiler and runtime which comes with the z390 Portable 
Mainframe Assembler and Emulator which currently runs on Windows, Linux, and 
Apple OSX host systems with J2SE 6.0+ runtime installed.

An assembler program executing BR loop runs at about 30 MIPS on an Intel I7 
processor.  Of course it's slower when executing HFP, BFP, or DFP which is 
supported using BigInteger and BigDecimal classes.

The zcobol tool only has one native java component zc390.java which reads COBOL 
source program with CBL suffix and generates equivelant z390 source macro 
assembler program with MLC suffix. For example a COBOL program with MOVE A to B 
generates MLC statement MOVE A,TO,B. The MLC program is then assembled using 
zcobol macro libraries containing maros for all COBOL verbs.  THe resulting 
object code is then linked into z390 390 load module containing standard 
mainframe object such as MVC or MVCL instruction depending on definition of A 
and B fields in data division.

The zcobol tool is a work in process and does not fully support all the COBOL 
verbs.  However, it does support enough to support compiling and running 
sequential file or simple vsam indexed file and producing report.  There are a 
number of regression test and demo programs included with the tool:

http://www.z390.org/zcobol/

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