>  To answer this,to ride on Ice on a Lake is something different than
>in a stadium as the lake ice is on a water pillow and is therefore a
>softer ice than a stadium ice . Also the man made ice is harder then
>the one by nature
> so that have a one day competion (3 min) on a lake is not a big deal
>for horse

I'm going to talk about various riding surfaces scientifically for a
moment, if I may.  More specifically, I want to talk about the 
density of ice, asphalt, gravel roads etc. as compared with other
common riding surfaces that the average horseperson encounters on trail.  

First - a quick intro to chem./physics review:
Density is mass divided by volume - or the weight of stuff that can
get stuffed into a bucket of a certain size.  For the purposes of many
construction projects (road and otherwise), density is often denoted
in kilograms per cubic meter.  KG/cu.M.  The more dense an object, the
less shock absorbent, etc.  Note: What is underneath any of these
materials does matter to a some degree, depending on the depth of the
surface material (stadium ice probably has gravel or mortar concrete
underneath a few inches).  

Again...the higher the number, the harder the surface...many of you
will be surprised by quite a few of these...I know I was.

Surface Material:         Density (KG/cu.M):
1. Mortar Cement          2403
   (the gray stuff)
--------------------------------
2. Asphalt Concrete       2243  
   (the black stuff)
--------------------------------
3. Dense Earth            2002  
   (the gravel road)
--------------------------------
4. Loose Mud              1730
   (many wooded trails)
--------------------------------
5. Dry sand               1602
--------------------------------
6. Packed Earth           1522
   (the back yard)
--------------------------------
7. Dry Loam               1249
   (many dry trails)
--------------------------------
8. Water                  1000 
 not sure how to ride on it :-)
--------------------------------
9. Solid Ice               919
--------------------------------
10. Compacted Snow         481
--------------------------------
11. Ground Rubber          481
(some great arena footing contains this)
--------------------------------

Science and perception do not always agree.

~Nick

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