Let us find analyse the two species to get better idea about the two: *Galium aparine L*.: Flora of Pakistan <http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=5&taxon_id=200022084>: *Annual climbing herb, stem with reflexed hairs or prickles.* *Leaves 6-8 in a whorl, 5-40 x 4-6 mm,* linear, narrowly obovate, oblong, oblanceolate-elliptic, *usually narrower below the middle, *mucronate or cuspidate, midrib and margin scabridulous, upper surface mostly hispid, sessile or shortly petioled. *Inflorescence axillary, 3-flowered*; *peduncle stout, 1.5-2 cm long*. *Corolla white; lobes oblong*, c. 1 mm long, *pedicel straight, *enlarged and up to 8 mm in fruit. *Fruit 2-5 mm in diam., covered with dense hooked hairs or setae,* mericarps sometimes separated and free. *Fl. Per.: March-July.* Distribution: Europe, North Africa, Asia minor, Siberia, Iran, Afghanistan, Pakistan and India GBIF <https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/gallery?taxon_key=2913548> Checklist of Nepal <http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=110&taxon_id=242422508>: 2700-3600 m; Europe, W. Asia, N. America, widely naturalised in Asia Flora of China <http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=200022084>: *Herbs, annual, procumbent or clambering*. *Stems 30-90 cm high,* *4-angled, 1-4 mm in diam., branched from base, retrorsely aculeate along angles,* glabrescent to pilose at nodes. *Leaves at middle stem region in whorls of 6-10,* subsessile; blade drying papery, narrowly oblanceolate to narrowly oblong-oblanceolate, 10-60 × 3-10 mm, usually somewhat pilosulous or hispidulous adaxially, retrorsely aculeolate along midrib abaxially, base acute, margins flat to thinly revolute, retrorsely aculeolate, apex acute and shortly mucronate; vein 1. *Inflorescences terminal and axillary, cymes 2- to several flowered; *axes glabrous to aculeolate; bracts ± leaflike or none, 1-5 mm; *peduncles 1-5 cm; pedicels 1-30 mm,* finally elongating and sometimes curved directly under fruit. Ovary subglobose, 0.3-0.5 mm, with uncinate trichomes. Flowers hermaphroditic. *Corolla yellowish green or white, rotate, 1.5-2 mm in diam.; lobes 4, triangular to ovate*, acute. Mericarps subglobose to kidney-shaped, 2.5-5 mm, with a dense cover of uncinate trichomes 0.4-1.2 mm from swollen base. *Fl. Mar-Jul,* fr. Apr-Nov. Forest margins, riversides, meadows, open fields, farmlands; *near sea level to 2500 m.* Evidently rare in China and possibly only introduced [originally in W Eurasia and the Mediterranean, but today nearly worldwide as an adventive].
*Galium acutum Edgew*.: Flora of Pakistan: *Prostrate to suberect perennial herb, stem 4-angled, ± glabrous*, *stem and branches very leafy. Leaves 6 in a whorl, minute, generally 5-8 x 1-3 mm, *linear-lanceolate, aristate-acute-mucronate, glabrous, sessile, midrib conspicuous, margin often recurved. *Inflorescence solitary axillary very rarely with 2 axillary flowers,* *peduncle very short, always shorter than flower*, enlarged and straight in fruit. *Corolla white, lobes ovate-lanceolate, acute, *c. 1 mm long. Stamens shorter than corolla-lobes. *Fruit glabrous-granulate, c. 2 mm in diameter.* *Fl. Per.: August-September* Distribution: Temperate Himalayas, Nepal, Sikkim, India and Pakistan FoP illustration <http://www.efloras.org/object_page.aspx?object_id=96569&flora_id=5> GBIF <https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/gallery?taxon_key=2913813> GBIF specimen <https://api.gbif.org/v1/image/unsafe/http%3A%2F%2Fn2t.net%2Fark%3A%2F65665%2Fm31262a41a-fc1f-4710-a0ba-a9b41d59e152> Checklist of Nepal <http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=110&taxon_id=242422506>: 2000-4100 m; Himalaya (Kashmir to Bhutan), S. Tibet Flora of China <http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=242422506>: *Herbs, perennial, procumbent, much branched, mat-forming*. *Stems up to 30 cm,* *4(or 6)-angled, glabrous, smooth or sometimes with scattered (very rarely more dense) short and straight hairs. Leaves in whorls of up to 6, sessile*; blade drying papery and blackish, linear-oblanceolate to narrowly elliptic-oblanceolate, 2-8.5 × 0.3-1.5 mm, glabrous and smooth, occasionally with straight hairs, base cuneate, margins flat to thinly revolute, very rarely antrorsely aculeolate, apex acute, ± contracted and mucronate; vein 1. *Inflorescences with terminal and axillary cymes, 1- to few flowered; peduncles (1.5-)3-8(-10) mm; pedicels (0.1-)0.5-2(-3) mm, *glabrous, smooth. Ovary ellipsoid-obovoid, ca. 0.5 mm, didymous, glabrous. *Corolla white, pale greenish, or yellowish, rotate, 1.2-3.5 mm in diam., glabrous to puberulent, lobed for 2/3 or more; lobes 4, lanceolate-spatulate, *inside (i.e., adaxially) papillose, shortly acuminate. Mericarps ellipsoid, ca. 1 × 0.4-0.6 mm, glabrous, smooth or granular-verruculose, often on elongating pedicels. *Fl. and fr. Jul-Oct.* Mountain rocks and slopes; 2000-4100 m. ?Sichuan, Xizang, ?Yunnan [India, Nepal, Pakistan]. On Thu, 2 Apr 2020 at 18:34, Saroj Kasaju <[email protected]> wrote: > *Galium acutum : *much branched, mat-forming > *Galium aparine* : branched from base > Illustration (M. Rafiq) > <http://www.efloras.org/object_page.aspx?object_id=96569&flora_id=5> > > Thank you. > > Saroj Kasaju > > > On Thu, Apr 2, 2020 at 6:43 PM J.M. Garg <[email protected]> wrote: > >> To me appears close to *Galium aparine* L. >> <https://sites.google.com/site/efloraofindia/species/m---z/r/rubiaceae/galium/galium-aparine> >> as >> per comparative images at Galium >> <https://sites.google.com/site/efloraofindia/species/m---z/r/rubiaceae/galium> >> >> ---------- Forwarded message --------- >> From: Saroj Kasaju <[email protected]> >> Date: Tue, 9 Oct 2018 at 20:18 >> Subject: SK1492 09 Oct 2018 >> To: efloraofindia <[email protected]>, J.M. Garg < >> [email protected]> >> >> >> Dear Members, >> >> Location: Nagarkot >> Date: 21 August 2018 >> Elevation:6500 ft. >> Habit : Wild >> >> Which Galium ?? >> >> Thank you. >> >> Saroj Kasaju >> >> >> -- >> With regards, >> J.M.Garg >> >> 'Creating awareness of Indian Flora & Fauna' >> <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User:Jmgarg1> >> >> Winner of Wipro-NFS Sparrow Awards 2014 for efloraofindia >> <https://sites.google.com/site/efloraofindia/award-for-efloraofindia>. >> >> For identification, learning, discussion & documentation of Indian Flora, >> please visit/ join our Efloraofindia Google e-group >> <https://groups.google.com/forum/#!forum/indiantreepix> (largest in the >> world- more than 3,000 members & 3,00,000 messages on 23.8.18) or >> Efloraofindia >> website <https://sites.google.com/site/efloraofindia/> (with a species >> database of more than 13,000 species & 3,00,000 images of which more than >> 2,00,000 images are directly displayed on 30.8.19). >> >> The whole world uses my Image Resource >> <http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:J.M.Garg> of more than a >> thousand species & eight thousand images of Birds, Butterflies, Plants etc. >> (arranged alphabetically & place-wise). You can also use them for free as >> per Creative Commons license attached with each image. >> >> Also author of 'A Photoguide to the Birds of Kolkata & Common Birds of >> India'. >> > -- With regards, J.M.Garg 'Creating awareness of Indian Flora & Fauna' <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User:Jmgarg1> Winner of Wipro-NFS Sparrow Awards 2014 for efloraofindia <https://sites.google.com/site/efloraofindia/award-for-efloraofindia>. For identification, learning, discussion & documentation of Indian Flora, please visit/ join our Efloraofindia Google e-group <https://groups.google.com/forum/#!forum/indiantreepix> (largest in the world- more than 3,000 members & 3,00,000 messages on 23.8.18) or Efloraofindia website <https://sites.google.com/site/efloraofindia/> (with a species database of more than 13,000 species & 3,00,000 images of which more than 2,00,000 images are directly displayed on 30.8.19). The whole world uses my Image Resource <http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:J.M.Garg> of more than a thousand species & eight thousand images of Birds, Butterflies, Plants etc. (arranged alphabetically & place-wise). You can also use them for free as per Creative Commons license attached with each image. Also author of 'A Photoguide to the Birds of Kolkata & Common Birds of India'. -- You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups "efloraofindia" group. To unsubscribe from this group and stop receiving emails from it, send an email to [email protected]. To view this discussion on the web, visit https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/indiantreepix/CA%2BiuSFBJo0wivc8Ury8oP8%3Do-gDPHUxtY3m_Bi9sg9zJzzyrYA%40mail.gmail.com.
