Beautiful compilation Dinesh ji. On Sunday, October 12, 2025 at 8:51:59 PM UTC+5:30 Dinesh Valke wrote:
> Thanks very much, Sam ji, for the appreciation, and for validating the > Malayalam names and their English spellings. > Regards. > Dinesh > > On Sun, Oct 12, 2025 at 8:44 PM Sam Kuzhalanattu <[email protected]> > wrote: > >> Nice picture and great efforts dear Dinesh ji, both Malayalam and English >> names are correct, regards, Sam. >> >> On Sun, 12 Oct, 2025, 8:36 pm Dinesh Valke, <[email protected]> wrote: >> >>> *Hydnocarpus pentandrus* (Buch.-Ham.) Oken >>> [image: Hydnocarpus pentandrus (Buch.-Ham.) Oken] >>> <https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/116404178> >>> >>> ¿ *hyd-no-KAR-pus* ? -- Greek: *hydnon* (tuber, truffle); *karpos* >>> (fruit) ... Dave's Botanary <http://davesgarden.com/guides/botanary/> >>> *pen-TAN-drus* -- five stamens ... Dave's Botanary >>> <http://davesgarden.com/guides/botanary/search.php?search_text=pentandrus> >>> >>> *commonly known as*: *jangli* almond, *soorty* oil tree • *Bengali*: >>> চালমুগরা chalmugra • *Gujarati*: ચાલમોગરા chalamogara, કડવા કોઠા kadava >>> kotha, કડવી કવઠ kadavi kavath • *Hindi*: चालमुगरा chalmugra • *Kannada*: >>> ಗರುಡಫಲ garudaphala, ಸೂರಂತೆ surante, ತೊರತ್ತಿ toratti • *Konkani*: कडू >>> कवठी kadu kavathi • *Malayalam*: കൊട്ടി kotti, മരോട്ടി marotti, നീർവട്ട >>> nirvatta • *Malvani*: कवठी kavati • *Marathi*: कडू कपित्थ kadu kapith, >>> कडू कवठ kadu kavat, खैट khait, खष्ट khasht, कौटी kowti • *Odia*: >>> ଚାଲମୁଗ୍ରା chalmugra • *Sanskrit*: गरुडफल garudaphala, कटुकपित्थ >>> katukapittha, कुष्टवैरी kushtavairi, तूवरक tuvaraka • *Tamil*: மரவட்டை >>> maravattai, நீரெட்டிமுத்து nirettimuttu • *Telugu*: అడవి బాదాము adavi >>> baadaamu, నీరధి విత్తులు neeradi vittulu • *Tulu*: ಸೂರಂತೆ surante >>> >>> >>> *botanical names*: *Hydnocarpus pentandrus* (Buch.-Ham.) Oken ... >>> *homotypic >>> synonyms*: *Chilmoria pentandra* Buch.-Ham. • *Hydnocarpus laurifolius* >>> Sleumer ... *heterotypic synonyms*: *Hydnocarpus wightianus* Blume • >>> *Munnicksia >>> laurifolia* Dennst. ... POWO <https://powo.science.kew.org/>, retrieved >>> 11 October 2025 >>> *NOTE*: Orthographic variants: *Hydnocarpus laurifolia*, *Hydnocarpus >>> pentandra*, *Hydnocarpus wightiana* >>> Bibliography / etymology >>> Links listed as references in the notes below, may not remain valid >>> permanently. Portals / websites have a tendency to re-organize / revise >>> their content, leading to change in URLs of pages in their site. Some sites >>> may even close down at their own will. The bits about the languages of >>> India <https://dineshvalke.blogspot.com/2023/12/languages-of-india.html> >>> mentioned below are merely some bare facts gathered from the internet; just >>> enough to satisfy curiosity about "where" could the listed names be best >>> prevalent in India. All English transliterated names to be taken *sensu >>> amplo*. >>> ~~~~~ ENGLISH ~~~~~ >>> written and spoken widely, in most parts of India >>> *jangli almond* >>> >>> - Flowers of India >>> <https://www.flowersofindia.net/catalog/slides/Jangli%20Almond.html>, >>> retrieved October 11, 2025 >>> >>> *soorty oil tree* >>> >>> - Minakshi Rajput, Navneet Kumar - In Vitro Antimicrobial and >>> Antibiofilm Efficacy of Medicinal Plant Extracts Against Clinical MDR >>> Isolates from Scalp Infection Cases >>> >>> <https://www.ijstr.org/final-print/feb2020/In-Vitro-Antimicrobial-And-Antibiofilm-Efficacy-Of-Medicinal-Plant-Extracts-Against-Clinical-Mdr-Isolates-From-Scalp-Infection-Cases.pdf> >>> >>> - IJSTR, Volume 9, Issue 02, February 2020 >>> >>> ~~~~~ BENGALI ~~~~~ >>> written in: *Bengali* (বাংলা) ... spoken in: *West Bengal*, Assam, >>> Jharkhand, Tripura, Andaman & Nicobar Islands >>> *চালমুগরা chalmugra* >>> >>> - or চাউলমুগরা chaulmugra ... for *Hydnocarpus laurifolius* Sleumer >>> ...উইকিপিডিয়া - একটি মুক্ত বিশ্বকোষ >>> >>> <https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%9A%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%97%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE> >>> >>> ... Wikipedia - The Free Encyclopedia >>> >>> ~~~~~ GUJARATI ~~~~~ >>> written in: *Gujarati* (ગુજરાતી) ... spoken in: *Gujarat*, *Dadra & >>> Nagar Haveli*, *Daman & Diu* >>> *ચાલમોગરા chalamogara, કડવા કોઠા kadava kotha, કડવી કવઠ kadavi kavath* >>> >>> - for *Hydnocarpus wightianus* Blume ... વનસ્પતીઓ ના ગુજરાતી તથા >>> બોટનીકલ નામ ની યાદી >>> <https://groups.google.com/g/indiantreepix/c/cGJt67sMbng/m/dq0c7kFEAgAJ> >>> (વૈધ કે.જે.ઝાલા) >>> >>> ~~~~~ HINDI ~~~~~ >>> written in: *Devanagari* (हिन्दी) ... spoken in: *Delhi*, *Uttar >>> Pradesh*, *Bihar*, *Chhattisgarh*, *Haryana*, *Jharkhand*, *Madhya >>> Pradesh*, Rajasthan, *Uttarakhand* >>> *चालमुगरा chalmugra* >>> >>> - FRLHT's ENVIS Centre on Medicinal Plants >>> >>> <https://envis.frlht.org/plantdetails/1154/f28e025483266d90ce90c19566622267> >>> >>> ... or चौलमूगरा chaulmugra >>> - विकिपीडिया - एक मुक्त ज्ञानकोश >>> >>> <https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A0%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%97> >>> >>> ... Wikipedia - The Free Encyclopedia >>> >>> ~~~~~ KANNADA ~~~~~ >>> written in: *Kannada* (ಕನ್ನಡ) ... spoken in: *Karnataka* >>> *ಗರುಡಫಲ garudaphala, ಸೂರಂತೆ surante, ತೊರತ್ತಿ toratti* >>> >>> - FRLHT's ENVIS Centre on Medicinal Plants >>> >>> <https://envis.frlht.org/plantdetails/1154/f28e025483266d90ce90c19566622267> >>> - Alar - an authoritative Kannada-English dictionary corpus >>> <https://alar.ink/> created by V. Krishna >>> - Subrahmanya, Prasad K - Exploration and elucidation of traditional >>> medicinal plants of erstwhile Tulunadu and surrounding area of Kerala >>> and >>> Karnataka >>> >>> <http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/41951/10/10_chapter%204.pdf> >>> >>> - Shodhganga >>> >>> ~~~~~ KONKANI ~~~~~ >>> written in: *Devanagari* (कोंकणी) / *Kannada* (ಕೊಂಕಣಿ) / Malayalam >>> (കൊങ്കണി) / Perso-Arabic (کونکنی) / Romi >>> <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konkani_in_the_Roman_script> (*Konknni*) >>> ... spoken in: Goa, Karnataka, Maharashtra, Kerala, Gujarat >>> *कडू कवठी kadu kavathi* >>> >>> - for *Hydnocarpus laurifolius* Sleumer ... Enumeration of plants >>> from Gomantak India >>> >>> <http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/jspui/bitstream/10603/153789/10/09_chapter%205.pdf> >>> >>> with a note on botanical excursions to the Castlerock area by V D Vartak >>> >>> ~~~~~ MALAYALAM ~~~~~ >>> written in: *Malayalam* (മലയാളം) ... spoken in: *Kerala*, Lakshadweep >>> *കൊട്ടി kotti, നീർവട്ട nirvatta* >>> >>> - FRLHT's ENVIS Centre on Medicinal Plants >>> >>> <https://envis.frlht.org/plantdetails/1154/f28e025483266d90ce90c19566622267> >>> >>> *മരോട്ടി marotti* >>> >>> - വിക്കിപീഡിയ - സ്വതന്ത്രസർവ്വവിജ്ഞാനകോശം >>> >>> <https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%9F%E0%B4%BF> >>> >>> ... Wikipedia - The Free Encyclopedia >>> - FRLHT's ENVIS Centre on Medicinal Plants >>> >>> <https://envis.frlht.org/plantdetails/1154/f28e025483266d90ce90c19566622267> >>> >>> ~~~~~ MALVANI ~~~~~ >>> written in: *Devanagari* (मालवणी) ... spoken in: Maharashtra *(only in >>> the Sindhudurg district)*, north Goa (especially Pernem taluka) ... a >>> dialect of Konkani with significant Marathi influences and loanwords >>> *कवठी kavati* >>> >>> - Many thanks to Nitin Kawthankar for help with this name ... >>> facebook >>> >>> <https://www.facebook.com/dinesh.valke/posts/pfbid02cDz2fjA88RCaS4Hz2nQVU3TjfSd7uiDGeiwzwTeAGC85uGNn1QhWrCkmt3NNz5Hzl?comment_id=1937636056806974¬if_id=1760276149127853¬if_t=feed_comment&ref=notif> >>> >>> ~~~~~ MARATHI ~~~~~ >>> written in: *Devanagari* (मराठी) ... spoken in: *Maharashtra*, >>> Karnataka >>> *कडू कपित्थ kadu kapith* >>> >>> - FRLHT's ENVIS Centre on Medicinal Plants >>> >>> <https://envis.frlht.org/plantdetails/1154/f28e025483266d90ce90c19566622267> >>> >>> *कडू कवठ kadu kavat* >>> >>> - FRLHT's ENVIS Centre on Medicinal Plants >>> >>> <https://envis.frlht.org/plantdetails/1154/f28e025483266d90ce90c19566622267> >>> - The Gazetteer Department - Maharashtra State ... महाराष्ट्रातील >>> वनस्पतीशास्त्र आणि वनसंपदा >>> >>> <https://gazetteers.maharashtra.gov.in/cultural.maharashtra.gov.in/english/gazetteer/Vansampada/PDF/271-546.pdf> >>> [accessed >>> on: 28 Apr 2014] >>> - for *Hydnocarpus laurifolius* Sleumer ... मराठी विश्वकोश >>> <https://vishwakosh.marathi.gov.in/16462/> - महाराष्ट्र राज्य मराठी >>> विश्वकोश निर्मिती मंडळ >>> >>> *खैट khait, खष्ट khasht* >>> >>> - for *Hydnocarpus laurifolius* Sleumer ... मराठी विश्वकोश >>> <https://vishwakosh.marathi.gov.in/16462/> - महाराष्ट्र राज्य मराठी >>> विश्वकोश निर्मिती मंडळ >>> >>> *कौटी kowti* >>> >>> - FRLHT's ENVIS Centre on Medicinal Plants >>> >>> <https://envis.frlht.org/plantdetails/1154/f28e025483266d90ce90c19566622267> >>> - for *Hydnocarpus laurifolius* Sleumer ... मराठी विश्वकोश >>> <https://vishwakosh.marathi.gov.in/16462/> - महाराष्ट्र राज्य मराठी >>> विश्वकोश निर्मिती मंडळ >>> >>> ~~~~~ ODIA ~~~~~ >>> written in: *Odia* (ଓଡ଼ିଆ) ... spoken in: *Odisha*, Andaman & Nicobar >>> Islands >>> *ଚାଲମୁଗ୍ରା chalmugra* >>> >>> - Das P K, Sahoo T, Panda P C. Forest trees of Odisha, India: An >>> updated checklist. >>> >>> <https://horizonepublishing.com/journals/index.php/PST/article/view/1972> >>> Plant Science Today. 2022; 9(4): 1021–1031. >>> >>> ~~~~~ SANSKRIT ~~~~~ >>> written in: *Devanagari* (संस्कृतम्) ... used all over India by priests >>> and scholars >>> *गरुडफल garudaphala, कटुकपित्थ katukapittha, कुष्टवैरी kushtavairi, >>> तूवरक tuvaraka* >>> >>> - FRLHT's ENVIS Centre on Medicinal Plants >>> >>> <https://envis.frlht.org/plantdetails/1154/f28e025483266d90ce90c19566622267> >>> >>> ~~~~~ TAMIL ~~~~~ >>> written in: *Tamil* (தமிழ்) ... spoken in: *Tamil Nadu*, Puducherry, >>> Andaman & Nicobar Islands >>> *மரவட்டை maravattai, நீரெட்டிமுத்து nirettimuttu* >>> >>> - for *Hydnocarpus wightianus* Blume ... Tamil lexicon >>> <https://dsal.uchicago.edu/dictionaries/tamil-lex/> [Madras], >>> University of Madras >>> - FRLHT's ENVIS Centre on Medicinal Plants >>> >>> <https://envis.frlht.org/plantdetails/1154/f28e025483266d90ce90c19566622267> >>> >>> ~~~~~ TELUGU ~~~~~ >>> written in: *Telugu* ( తెలుగు) ... spoken in: *Andhra Pradesh*, >>> *Telangana*, Puducherry >>> *అడవి బాదాము adavi baadaamu, నీరధి విత్తులు neeradi vittulu* >>> >>> - FRLHT's ENVIS Centre on Medicinal Plants >>> >>> <https://envis.frlht.org/plantdetails/1154/f28e025483266d90ce90c19566622267> >>> >>> ~~~~~ TULU ~~~~~ >>> written in: *Tigalari (Tulu)* was used for writing Vedic texts in >>> Sanskrit, *Kannada* (ತುಳು), Malayalam (തുളു) ... spoken in: *Karnataka*, >>> north Kerala >>> *ಸೂರಂತೆ surante* >>> >>> - Subrahmanya, Prasad K - Exploration and elucidation of traditional >>> medicinal plants of erstwhile Tulunadu and surrounding area of Kerala >>> and >>> Karnataka >>> >>> <http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/41951/10/10_chapter%204.pdf> >>> >>> - Shodhganga >>> >>> ~~~~~ DISTRIBUTION in INDIA ~~~~~ >>> Andaman islands, Goa, Karnataka, Kerala, Maharashtra, Odisha, Tamil >>> Nadu; endemic to south India, elsewhere globally cultivated >>> >>> - Hassler, Michael (1994 - 2025): World Plants. Synonymic Checklist >>> and Distribution of the World Flora. >>> >>> <https://www.worldplants.de/world-plants-complete-list/complete-plant-list> >>> Version 25.09; last update Sept. 23rd, 2025. Last accessed 25/09/2025 >>> (dd/mm/yyyy). >>> - Odisha :: Das P K, Sahoo T, Panda P C. Forest trees of Odisha, >>> India: An updated checklist. >>> >>> <https://horizonepublishing.com/journals/index.php/PST/article/view/1972> >>> Plant Science Today. 2022; 9(4): 1021–1031. >>> >>> ~~~~~ Created on: 12:47 10-10-2025 ¦ Last updated: 19:44 12-10-2025 >>> (DD-MM-YYYY) ~~~~~ >>> >>> >>> >>> >>> >>> Names compiled / updated at >>> https://dineshvalke.blogspot.com/2025/10/hydnocarpus-pentandrus-buch-ham-oken.html >>> >>> Regards. >>> Dinesh >>> >> -- You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups "eFloraofIndia" group. To unsubscribe from this group and stop receiving emails from it, send an email to [email protected]. 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