Nice Introduction of the Family Sir On Mon, Dec 3, 2012 at 3:00 AM, Gurcharan Singh <[email protected]> wrote:
> Dear members > Focus of this monthly week from December 3 to 9, 2012 is family > Caryophyllaceae. A family primarily distributed in temperate regions, but > with several ornamentals in both Temperate and tropical climates. Here are > some details. > > *Caryophyllaceae A. L. de Jussieu Pink family* > 93 genera, 2,395 species > Distributed mainly in all temperate parts of the world. > . > Major genera: Silene (700 species), Dianthusn(300), Arenaria (200), > Gypsophila (150), > Minuartia (150), Stellaria (150) and Cerastium (100). > > Description: Annual or perennial herbs with swollen nodes, anthocyanins > present. Leaves opposite, simple, bases of opposite leaves often connected, > stipules absent or scarious (Paronychia), secondary veins often > obscure.Inflorescence typically a dichasial cyme, rarely solitary flowers. > Flowers bisexual, rarely unisexual (Lychnis alba), actinomorphic, > hypogynous. Calyx with 5 sepals, free (Stellaria) or connate (Dianthus, > Silene). Corolla with 5 petals, usually differentiated > into a distinct claw and a limb, with an appendaged joint between the two, > often notched or deeply bilobed at tip. Androecium with 10 or lesser number > of stamens, obdiplostemonous, free, anthers bithecous, dehiscence > longitudinal, pollen grains tricolpate to polyporate. Gynoecium with 2-5 (2 > Dianthus, 3 Silene, 4 Sagina, 3-5 Stellaria) united carpels (syncarpous), > unilocular with many ovules, placentation free central, ovary Major > Families of Angiosperms 537 > superior, styles 2-5. Fruit a loculicidal capsule opening by valves or > teeth, rarely a utricle (Paronychia). Seeds many, ornamented on surface, > embryo curved, endosperm absent, often replaced by perisperm. > > Economic importance: The family is represented by several ornamentals such > as carnation, pinks, sweet william (different > species of Dianthus), baby’s breath (Gypsophila) and corn cockle > (Agrostemma).Species of Arenaria, Cerastium and Stellaria are troublesome > weeds. > > Members uploading photographs for ID should provide photographs of side > view of flower, top view of lower, shape of leaves and fruits to help in > identification. > > The List of Genera (From Plant List) > > > - > *Acanthophyllum*<http://www.theplantlist.org/browse/A/Caryophyllaceae/Acanthophyllum/> > - > *Achyronychia*<http://www.theplantlist.org/browse/A/Caryophyllaceae/Achyronychia/> > - > *Agrostemma*<http://www.theplantlist.org/browse/A/Caryophyllaceae/Agrostemma/> > - > *Allochrusa*<http://www.theplantlist.org/browse/A/Caryophyllaceae/Allochrusa/> > - > *Alsinidendron*<http://www.theplantlist.org/browse/A/Caryophyllaceae/Alsinidendron/> > - > *Ammodenia*<http://www.theplantlist.org/browse/A/Caryophyllaceae/Ammodenia/> > - > *Ankyropetalum*<http://www.theplantlist.org/browse/A/Caryophyllaceae/Ankyropetalum/> > - *Anychia*<http://www.theplantlist.org/browse/A/Caryophyllaceae/Anychia/> > - > *Arenaria*<http://www.theplantlist.org/browse/A/Caryophyllaceae/Arenaria/> > - > *Bolanthus*<http://www.theplantlist.org/browse/A/Caryophyllaceae/Bolanthus/> > - > *Bolbosaponaria*<http://www.theplantlist.org/browse/A/Caryophyllaceae/Bolbosaponaria/> > - > *Brachystemma*<http://www.theplantlist.org/browse/A/Caryophyllaceae/Brachystemma/> > - *Bufonia*<http://www.theplantlist.org/browse/A/Caryophyllaceae/Bufonia/> > - > *Cardionema*<http://www.theplantlist.org/browse/A/Caryophyllaceae/Cardionema/> > - > *Cerastium*<http://www.theplantlist.org/browse/A/Caryophyllaceae/Cerastium/> > - *Cerdia*<http://www.theplantlist.org/browse/A/Caryophyllaceae/Cerdia/> > - > *Chaetonychia*<http://www.theplantlist.org/browse/A/Caryophyllaceae/Chaetonychia/> > - > *Colobanthus*<http://www.theplantlist.org/browse/A/Caryophyllaceae/Colobanthus/> > - *Cometes*<http://www.theplantlist.org/browse/A/Caryophyllaceae/Cometes/> > - > *Dianthus*<http://www.theplantlist.org/browse/A/Caryophyllaceae/Dianthus/> > - > *Diaphanoptera*<http://www.theplantlist.org/browse/A/Caryophyllaceae/Diaphanoptera/> > - > *Dicheranthus*<http://www.theplantlist.org/browse/A/Caryophyllaceae/Dicheranthus/> > - > *Drymaria*<http://www.theplantlist.org/browse/A/Caryophyllaceae/Drymaria/> > - *Drypis*<http://www.theplantlist.org/browse/A/Caryophyllaceae/Drypis/> > - > *Eremogone*<http://www.theplantlist.org/browse/A/Caryophyllaceae/Eremogone/> > - > *Gastrocalyx*<http://www.theplantlist.org/browse/A/Caryophyllaceae/Gastrocalyx/> > - > *Gastrolychnis*<http://www.theplantlist.org/browse/A/Caryophyllaceae/Gastrolychnis/> > - > *Geocarpon*<http://www.theplantlist.org/browse/A/Caryophyllaceae/Geocarpon/> > - > *Gymnocarpos*<http://www.theplantlist.org/browse/A/Caryophyllaceae/Gymnocarpos/> > - > *Gypsophila*<http://www.theplantlist.org/browse/A/Caryophyllaceae/Gypsophila/> > - > *Herniaria*<http://www.theplantlist.org/browse/A/Caryophyllaceae/Herniaria/> > - > *Holosteum*<http://www.theplantlist.org/browse/A/Caryophyllaceae/Holosteum/> > - > *Honckenya*<http://www.theplantlist.org/browse/A/Caryophyllaceae/Honckenya/> > - > *Illecebrum*<http://www.theplantlist.org/browse/A/Caryophyllaceae/Illecebrum/> > - *Ixoca* <http://www.theplantlist.org/browse/A/Caryophyllaceae/Ixoca/> > - > *Kuhitangia*<http://www.theplantlist.org/browse/A/Caryophyllaceae/Kuhitangia/> > - > *Lepyrodiclis*<http://www.theplantlist.org/browse/A/Caryophyllaceae/Lepyrodiclis/> > - > *Loeflingia*<http://www.theplantlist.org/browse/A/Caryophyllaceae/Loeflingia/> > - *Lychnis*<http://www.theplantlist.org/browse/A/Caryophyllaceae/Lychnis/> > - > *Melandrium*<http://www.theplantlist.org/browse/A/Caryophyllaceae/Melandrium/> > - > *Mesostemma*<http://www.theplantlist.org/browse/A/Caryophyllaceae/Mesostemma/> > - > *Microphyes*<http://www.theplantlist.org/browse/A/Caryophyllaceae/Microphyes/> > - > *Minuartia*<http://www.theplantlist.org/browse/A/Caryophyllaceae/Minuartia/> > - *Mniarum*<http://www.theplantlist.org/browse/A/Caryophyllaceae/Mniarum/> > - > *Moehringia*<http://www.theplantlist.org/browse/A/Caryophyllaceae/Moehringia/> > - > *Moenchia*<http://www.theplantlist.org/browse/A/Caryophyllaceae/Moenchia/> > - > *Myosoton*<http://www.theplantlist.org/browse/A/Caryophyllaceae/Myosoton/> > - *Oberna*<http://www.theplantlist.org/browse/A/Caryophyllaceae/Oberna/> > - *Ortega*<http://www.theplantlist.org/browse/A/Caryophyllaceae/Ortega/> > - *Otites*<http://www.theplantlist.org/browse/A/Caryophyllaceae/Otites/> > - > *Paronychia*<http://www.theplantlist.org/browse/A/Caryophyllaceae/Paronychia/> > - > *Petrorhagia*<http://www.theplantlist.org/browse/A/Caryophyllaceae/Petrorhagia/> > - > *Philippiella*<http://www.theplantlist.org/browse/A/Caryophyllaceae/Philippiella/> > - > *Pleconax*<http://www.theplantlist.org/browse/A/Caryophyllaceae/Pleconax/> > - > *Pleioneura*<http://www.theplantlist.org/browse/A/Caryophyllaceae/Pleioneura/> > - > *Plettkea*<http://www.theplantlist.org/browse/A/Caryophyllaceae/Plettkea/> > - > *Pollichia*<http://www.theplantlist.org/browse/A/Caryophyllaceae/Pollichia/> > - > *Polycarpaea*<http://www.theplantlist.org/browse/A/Caryophyllaceae/Polycarpaea/> > - > *Polycarpon*<http://www.theplantlist.org/browse/A/Caryophyllaceae/Polycarpon/> > - > *Polytepalum*<http://www.theplantlist.org/browse/A/Caryophyllaceae/Polytepalum/> > - > *Porsildia*<http://www.theplantlist.org/browse/A/Caryophyllaceae/Porsildia/> > - > *Psammophiliella*<http://www.theplantlist.org/browse/A/Caryophyllaceae/Psammophiliella/> > - > *Psammosilene*<http://www.theplantlist.org/browse/A/Caryophyllaceae/Psammosilene/> > - > *Pseudocerastium*<http://www.theplantlist.org/browse/A/Caryophyllaceae/Pseudocerastium/> > - > *Pseudosaponaria*<http://www.theplantlist.org/browse/A/Caryophyllaceae/Pseudosaponaria/> > - > *Pseudostellaria*<http://www.theplantlist.org/browse/A/Caryophyllaceae/Pseudostellaria/> > - > *Pteranthus*<http://www.theplantlist.org/browse/A/Caryophyllaceae/Pteranthus/> > - > *Pycnophyllopsis*<http://www.theplantlist.org/browse/A/Caryophyllaceae/Pycnophyllopsis/> > - > *Pycnophyllum*<http://www.theplantlist.org/browse/A/Caryophyllaceae/Pycnophyllum/> > - > *Reicheella*<http://www.theplantlist.org/browse/A/Caryophyllaceae/Reicheella/> > - > *Sabulina*<http://www.theplantlist.org/browse/A/Caryophyllaceae/Sabulina/> > - *Sagina*<http://www.theplantlist.org/browse/A/Caryophyllaceae/Sagina/> > - > *Sanctambrosia*<http://www.theplantlist.org/browse/A/Caryophyllaceae/Sanctambrosia/> > - > *Saponaria*<http://www.theplantlist.org/browse/A/Caryophyllaceae/Saponaria/> > - > *Scleranthopsis*<http://www.theplantlist.org/browse/A/Caryophyllaceae/Scleranthopsis/> > - > *Scleranthus*<http://www.theplantlist.org/browse/A/Caryophyllaceae/Scleranthus/> > - > *Scopulophila*<http://www.theplantlist.org/browse/A/Caryophyllaceae/Scopulophila/> > - *Silene*<http://www.theplantlist.org/browse/A/Caryophyllaceae/Silene/> > - > *Spergula*<http://www.theplantlist.org/browse/A/Caryophyllaceae/Spergula/> > - > *Spergularia*<http://www.theplantlist.org/browse/A/Caryophyllaceae/Spergularia/> > - > *Stellaria*<http://www.theplantlist.org/browse/A/Caryophyllaceae/Stellaria/> > - > *Telephium*<http://www.theplantlist.org/browse/A/Caryophyllaceae/Telephium/> > - > *Thylacospermum*<http://www.theplantlist.org/browse/A/Caryophyllaceae/Thylacospermum/> > - *Tissa* <http://www.theplantlist.org/browse/A/Caryophyllaceae/Tissa/> > - > *Tytthostemma*<http://www.theplantlist.org/browse/A/Caryophyllaceae/Tytthostemma/> > - > *Vaccaria*<http://www.theplantlist.org/browse/A/Caryophyllaceae/Vaccaria/> > - *Velezia*<http://www.theplantlist.org/browse/A/Caryophyllaceae/Velezia/> > - > *Wilhelmsia*<http://www.theplantlist.org/browse/A/Caryophyllaceae/Wilhelmsia/> > > > -- > Dr. Gurcharan Singh > Retired Associate Professor > SGTB Khalsa College, University of Delhi, Delhi-110007 > Res: 932 Anand Kunj, Vikas Puri, New Delhi-110018. > Phone: 011-25518297 Mob: 9810359089 > http://www.gurcharanfamily.com/ > http://people.du.ac.in/~singhg45/ > > -- > > > > -- Regards Dr Balkar Singh Head, Deptt. of Botany and Biotechnology & Horticulture Incharge Arya P G College, Panipat Haryana-132103 09416262964 --
