Kawan2 Anggota Milis Yth,
Ini sebuah pertanyaan yang sangat menarik, yaitu apakah sebenarnya definisi
dari "Broadband" itu? Masalahnya sudah sering kita mendengar berbagai berita
yang hampir selalu menyebutkan perkemabangan broadband di Indonesia maupun
di dunia, tetapi definisi Broadband secara jelas masih belum ada, atau
banyak yang belum tahu.
Berikut ini sebuah penjelasan yang lengkap beserta sejarah perkembangannya,
bagaimana istilah itu dimunculkan untuk mengukur kinerja jaringan layanan
telekomunikasi.
*Technical Definition of Broadband:
* Broadband refers to telecommunication that provides multiple channels of
data over a single communications *medium*, typically using some form of
frequency or wave division multiplexing.
Broadband Mediums, Carrier Technologies, Speeds and
Applications
Broadband access Technologies and
Definitions
A study of broad band and expected growth of the
market.pdf
GET Adobe Acrobat
*Broadband* access is a vehicle that allows the delivery of an entirely new
breed of media services and communications-oriented applications. In the
long run, it is these new services and applications that will differentiate
broadband from dial-up Internet access and give consumers a reason for
subscribing to broadband. Audio and video are the obvious cornerstones of
this coming high-speed revolution. Speedy connections coupled with always-on
access will improve the consumer multimedia experience and change the types
of business models that are viable in the interactive marketplace. As use of
broadband grows to more than 20 million subscribers by 2004, traditional
media companies may uncover opportunities for growth and acquisition in
these alternative content categories enabled by the high-speed Internet.
Broadband will not replace traditional media formats as they exist today.
But it will emerge as a new source of fragmentation, siphoning off enough
listeners and viewers to affect established media entities and their
long-term growth.
Federal Full broadband lines are lines with information carrying capability
in excess of 200 Kbps in both directions, simultaneously. One-way broadband
lines are lines with information carrying capacity in excess of 200 Kbps in
one direction (typically downstream) and less than or equal to 200 Kbps in
the other direction (typically upstream).
*Copper loop
technologies*
* *
------------------------------
Dial-up modems
------------------------------
ISDN
------------------------------
xDSL
*Cable TV access
technologies*
* via CatV
*
*Wireless access*
------------------------------
Analog cellular
------------------------------
Digital cellular
------------------------------
Wireless local loop (WLL) and other fixed wireless
*Satellite*
Broadband Access for *Consumers* is either through *DSL* (Digital
Subscriber Lines) or via *cable modem*. See attached FCC
Document
*DSL* is a technology for bringing high-speed and high-bandwidth, which is
directly proportional to the amount of data transmitted or received per unit
time, information to homes and small businesses over ordinary copper
telephone lines already installed in hundreds of millions of homes and
businesses worldwide. With *DSL*, consumers and businesses take advantage of
having a dedicated, always-on connection to the Internet.
There are currently at least six different types of *DSL*. They are Asymmetric
Digital Subscriber Line (*ADSL*), Symmetric Digital Subscriber Line (*SDSL*),
ISDN Digital Subscriber Line (*IDSL*), High-bit-rate Digital Subscriber Line(
*HDSL*), Very high-bit-rate Digital Subscriber Line (*VDSL*), and Rate-Adaptive
Digital Subscriber Line (*RADSL*). Each one has different technical ranges,
capabilities, and limitations.
*Cable modems* *(CM)* are designed to operate over cable TV lines to
provide high-speed access to the Web or corporate Intranets. A power
splitter and a new cable are usually required. The splitter divides the
signal for the "old" installations and the new segment that connects the
cable modem. No television sets are accepted on the new string that goes to
the cable modem.
There are three types of CM: *external modem*, *internal modem*, and
*interactive
set-top cable box*. A number of different cable modem configurations are
possible. Over time more systems will arrive.
*Cable modem* services offer shared bandwidth between your and your
neighbors. Your speed will vary with how many people are on the cable modem
network, which may be a disadvantage. With *DSL* service, you have a
dedicated connection to your home.
Kesimpulan dari penjelasan diatas, Broadband dapat disalurkan melalui
jaringan kabel, seperti DSL (ADSL), Coaxial, dan Serat Optik, serta melalui
jaringan Nirkabel (Wireless) yang bisa Fixed maupun Mobile, melalui jaringan
terrestrial maupun satelit.
Kecepatan transmisi Broadband sangat bervariasi, tergantung dari Teknologi
Carrier yang dipakai, dan medium fisik untuk penyalurannya, seperti Twisted
Pair, Kabel Coax, Serat Optik, dan Frekwensi Radio di udara bebas
(terrestrial dan satelit).
Yang menjadi fokus pembicaraan kita adalah Kecepatan Broadband yang melalui
jaringan Nirkabel (Wireless). ITU mentapkan bahwa sebuah jaringan Wireless
bisa disebut sebagai Broadband Wireless bilamana kecepatan transmisi
puncaknya minimal adalah 384 kbps, sesuai dengan ketentuan dari UMTS
(Universal Mobile Telecommunication System).
Mengapa dipakai ketentuan kecepatan transmisi puncak? Ini karena sifat
(nature) dari transmisi Wireless, khususnya Wireless Seluler yang banyak
dipakai di Indonesia, dimana kecepatan yang bisa dinikmati oleh pelanggan
tergantung apakah hanya satu orang pada saat itu yang sedang mamakainya,
atau ada banyak orang yg memakainya secara bersamaan. Bila hanya satu orang
yg memakai, maka kecepatan transmisinya adalah 384 kbps, dan turun secara
proporsional dengan bertambahnya jumkah pengguna pada saat yg bersamaan
(concurrent users).
Sifat khusus lainnya dari Wireless Seluler adalah adanya perbedaan kecepatan
transmisi untuk uplink dan downlink. Biasanya yang uplink kecepatan
transmisinya hanya 1/2 sampai 1/4 kecepatan puncak downlink. Ini karena
pertimbangan praktis, dimana umumnya para pengguna lebih banyak yang
menerima informasi dari atas/internet/server dari pada mengirim informasi
itu ke atas (uplink).
Jadi jaringan Wireless Seluler yang sudah termasuk dalam klasifikasi
Broadband beserta kecepatan trnasmisi downlik/uplink-nya adalah sbb:
- GSM EDGE dengan kecepatan downlink/uplink 474 kbps/474 kbps (3G)
- GSM Evolved EDGE (1,89 Mbps/947 kbps) (3,25G)
- GSM HSDPA (3,6 Mbps/...) (3,5G)
- GSM HSUPA (7,2 Mbps/...) (3,75G)
- GSM HSPA (14,4 Mbps/5,76 Mbps) (3,8G)
- GSM HSPA+ Release 8 (42 Mbps/1,5 Mbps) (3,9G)
- CDMA 2000 1x EVDO Rev. A (3,1 Mbps/1,8 Mbps) (3,4G)
- CDMA 2000 1x EVDO Rev. B (14,7 Mbps/5,4 Mbps) (3,8G)
- Mobile WiMAX Release 1.0 (46 Mbps/4 Mbps)
- Mobile Wimax IEEE 802.16m
- LTE pada kanal 20 Mhz (328 Mbps/86 Mbps) (4.xG)
- LTE Advanced (1 Gbps/100 Mbps) (4,x G)
Silahkan ditanggapi dan semoga bermanfaat.
Wassalam,
S Roestam
http://wirelesstekno.blogspot.com
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