> I would expect real applications will try to use the same PASID for > the same IOVA map to optimize IOTLB caching.
On Intel a ring3 application only gets to use one PASID. The ENQCMD instruction pick up the PASID for the process from the IA32_PASID MSR (set by OS when first access, and on context switches thereafter). Kernel users (ring0) can supply any PASID when they use the ENQCMDS instruction. Is that what you mean when you say "real applications"? -Tony _______________________________________________ iommu mailing list iommu@lists.linux-foundation.org https://lists.linuxfoundation.org/mailman/listinfo/iommu