> The usage that is actually envisaged is more limited: an identifier that
> provides disambiguation in a limited environment, normally a single
> site, possibly a small number of sites directly linked by VPN-like
> relations. In that scenario, the collisions that matter are those that
> occur within this "working set" of connected sites. The probability of
> such a collision is determined by the probability of collision "x"
> between two identifiers (x = 2^-40 in our example) and by the size "W"
> of the working set. The probability that single site does not collide
> with any member of a working set is:
> 
>       P(collision in a set of size W) = 1 - (1-x)^(W-1)

Seems incorrect.

Assuming that the pool size is "n", where n = 2^40.

As per your formula the probability of choosing two unique numbers is (n-1)/n,
and of three unique numbers is ((n-1)/n)*((n-1)/n).

As per Geoff, the probability of choosing two unique numbers is (n-1)/n, and
of three unique numbers is ((n-1)/n)*((n-2)/n). 

Since the space from which you can choose a unique number diminishes by one
with each draw. I think Geoff's formula is correct in this regards. 

CP



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