21654: What is the Covenant in the aayah "Those who break Allaah's Covenant
after ratifying it…"?
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Question:
What is the Covenant in the aayah "Those who break Allaah's Covenant after
ratifying it…"
[al-Baqarah 2:27 _ interpretation of the meaning]?
Answer:
Praise be to Allaah. Abu Bakr ibn al-`Arabi said:
"Covenants are of two types: one for which expiation may be offered and another
for which there is no expiation. That for which expiation may be offered is
that which is intended as a vow to refrain from doing something or to do
something.
"The second type is a covenant in which the two parties are bound in a manner
that is permissible according to sharee'ah, and is binding, either exclusively
between them or amongst many people. It is not permissible to nullify or
abolish such a covenant, and it is not subject to kafaarah (expiation). This is
the covenant for which the one who breaks it will be gathered (on the Day of
Resurrection) as a betrayer, and a banner will be set up for him commensurate
with the degree of his betrayal, and it will be said, "This is the betrayer of
So and so." Maalik says, a covenant sworn by oath is not permitted to be
nullified, and this is what is meant by the aayah (interpretation of the
meaning):
t""and break not the oaths after you have confirmed them — and indeed you have
appointed Allaah your surety""[al-Nahl 16:91]
"And this is a matter concerning which there is no scholarly dispute."
Ahkaam al-Qur'aan, 1/27, 28.
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http://books.google.co.uk/books?vid=ISBN1861791542)
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{Invite (mankind, O Muhammad ) to the Way of your Lord (i.e. Islam) with wisdom
(i.e. with the Divine Inspiration and the Qur'an) and fair preaching, and argue
with them in a way that is better. Truly, your Lord knows best who has gone
astray from His Path, and He is the Best Aware of those who are guided.} (Holy
Quran-16:125)
{And who is better in speech than he who [says: "My Lord is Allah (believes in
His Oneness)," and then stands straight (acts upon His Order), and] invites
(men) to Allah's (Islamic Monotheism), and does righteous deeds, and says: "I
am one of the Muslims."} (Holy Quran-41:33)
The prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: "By Allah, if
Allah guides one person by you, it is better for you than the best types of
camels." [al-Bukhaaree, Muslim]
The prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) also said, "Whoever
calls to guidance will have a reward similar to the reward of the one who
follows him, without the reward of either of them being lessened at all."
[Muslim, Ahmad, Aboo Daawood, an-Nasaa'ee, at-Tirmidhee, Ibn Maajah]
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