thisisnic opened a new issue, #53945:
URL: https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/53945

   ### Describe the bug, including details regarding any error messages, 
version, and platform.
   
   The nightly `test-r-macos-as-cran` job has failed since October 13, 2026 
because Arrow C++ no longer compiles with the MacOSX 11.3 SDK that CRAN uses. 
The libc++ in that SDK has `std::log2p1` but not `std::bit_width`.
   
   Failing run: 
https://github.com/ursacomputing/crossbow/actions/runs/38682228949
   
   ```
   cpp/src/arrow/util/alp/alp_compression.cc:203:65: error: no member named 
'bit_width' in namespace 'std'; did you mean 
'internal::UnpackOptions::bit_width'?
   cpp/src/arrow/util/alp/alp_compression.cc:448:38: error: no member named 
'bit_width' in namespace 'std'; did you mean simply 'bit_width'?
   ```
   
   The calls were added in #48345 (GH-48701):
   
https://github.com/apache/arrow/blob/ca5564e007a209e251b9d4648af4bc6a53c68c4f/cpp/src/arrow/util/alp/alp_compression.cc#L203
   
https://github.com/apache/arrow/blob/ca5564e007a209e251b9d4648af4bc6a53c68c4f/cpp/src/arrow/util/alp/alp_compression.cc#L448
   
   The existing call sites in `bit_util.h`, `chunker_internal.cc` and 
`encoder.cc` guard this with `#if defined(__apple_build_version__) && 
!defined(__cpp_lib_bitops)` and fall back to `std::log2p1`, e.g.:
   
https://github.com/apache/arrow/blob/ca5564e007a209e251b9d4648af4bc6a53c68c4f/cpp/src/arrow/util/bit_util.h#L148
   
   Regular macOS C++ CI does not catch this because only the as-cran job uses 
the 11.3 SDK. Rather than a fourth copy of the guard, a small `bit_util` helper 
wrapping it would let all call sites share one definition. Related: #49841.
   
   ### Component(s)
   
   C++
   


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