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https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/CALCITE-2619?page=com.atlassian.jira.plugin.system.issuetabpanels:comment-tabpanel&focusedCommentId=16648585#comment-16648585
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Julian Hyde commented on CALCITE-2619:
--------------------------------------

I think we should focus on the cost of validating whether a string is valid in 
UTF-8. (I probably have not seen this issue because I use Latin1 or something 
similar.) Is there a cheap general check?

I did a Google search and the top hit was by my friend [~lemire]: 
[https://lemire.me/blog/2018/05/09/how-quickly-can-you-check-that-a-string-is-valid-unicode-utf-8/]
 

> Reduce string literal creation cost by removing charset check
> -------------------------------------------------------------
>
>                 Key: CALCITE-2619
>                 URL: https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/CALCITE-2619
>             Project: Calcite
>          Issue Type: Improvement
>          Components: core
>            Reporter: Ted Xu
>            Assignee: Ted Xu
>            Priority: Major
>
> The cost of creating NlsString is very high, due to its charset check. In 
> some cases, e.g., expression evaluate because of Partition Prune, the 
> NlsString creation costs 40%+ of total executor's overhead.
>  



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