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https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/CALCITE-5127?page=com.atlassian.jira.plugin.system.issuetabpanels:comment-tabpanel&focusedCommentId=17608166#comment-17608166
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Stamatis Zampetakis commented on CALCITE-5127:
----------------------------------------------

The new tests added for {{RelFieldTrimmer}} in 
https://github.com/apache/calcite/pull/2911, made me realize that the changes 
there significantly reduces the capacity of field trimmer to work when there 
are sub-queries. Normally, we can trim project fields even when it has 
sub-queries but we cannot safely trim its inputs cause there may be problems 
when we have correlation variables.

I also realized that the trimmer already contains 
[code|https://github.com/apache/calcite/blob/f8dd80fcd2d4d92767936fe7b3dae349f2f0ec40/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/sql2rel/RelFieldTrimmer.java#L212]
 to handle the case that some relational expression may reference fields 
through correlation variables.

The latter means that if {{Project}} was returning the variables that are set, 
the field trimmer would work without problems. It appears that my previous 
comment where I stated that nobody uses {{Project#getVariablesSet}} was wrong.

I am really sorry to change my mind again but in the end the 
https://github.com/apache/calcite/pull/2813 seems a better solution for the 
problems we discovered now and for the long term.

[~libenchao] Let's reopen PR#2813 address the last few minor comments that 
remain and merge that one if you agree.

> Error when executing query with correlated sub-query in SELECT clause
> ---------------------------------------------------------------------
>
>                 Key: CALCITE-5127
>                 URL: https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/CALCITE-5127
>             Project: Calcite
>          Issue Type: Bug
>          Components: core
>            Reporter: Dmitry Sysolyatin
>            Assignee: Benchao Li
>            Priority: Major
>              Labels: pull-request-available
>             Fix For: 1.33.0
>
>          Time Spent: 2h 40m
>  Remaining Estimate: 0h
>
> The following queries fail:
> {code}
> SELECT ARRAY(SELECT s.x) FROM (SELECT ARRAY[1,2,3] as x) s;
> SELECT ARRAY(SELECT * FROM UNNEST(s.x) y) FROM (SELECT ARRAY[1,2,3] as x) s;
> SELECT (SELECT CARDINALITY(s.x) LIMIT 1) FROM (SELECT ARRAY[1,2,3] as x) s;   
>  
> {code}
> With exception:
> {code}
> Caused by: java.lang.ClassCastException: java.lang.Integer cannot be cast to 
> java.util.List
> {code}
> You can find test cases for this task in 
> https://github.com/apache/calcite/commit/27e68ded2c3bea7d7af73dd1dc156e46fb3591a8



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