twalthr commented on a change in pull request #18182:
URL: https://github.com/apache/flink/pull/18182#discussion_r783924035



##########
File path: 
flink-table/flink-table-planner/src/main/java/org/apache/flink/table/planner/functions/casting/StructuredToStringCastRule.java
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,233 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package org.apache.flink.table.planner.functions.casting;
+
+import org.apache.flink.table.data.ArrayData;
+import org.apache.flink.table.planner.codegen.CodeGenUtils;
+import org.apache.flink.table.types.logical.LogicalType;
+import org.apache.flink.table.types.logical.LogicalTypeFamily;
+import org.apache.flink.table.types.logical.LogicalTypeRoot;
+import org.apache.flink.table.types.logical.StructuredType;
+import org.apache.flink.table.types.logical.VarCharType;
+import org.apache.flink.table.types.logical.utils.LogicalTypeChecks;
+
+import static org.apache.flink.table.planner.codegen.CodeGenUtils.className;
+import static org.apache.flink.table.planner.codegen.CodeGenUtils.newName;
+import static 
org.apache.flink.table.planner.codegen.calls.BuiltInMethods.BINARY_STRING_DATA_FROM_STRING;
+import static 
org.apache.flink.table.planner.functions.casting.CastRuleUtils.constructorCall;
+import static 
org.apache.flink.table.planner.functions.casting.CastRuleUtils.methodCall;
+import static 
org.apache.flink.table.planner.functions.casting.CastRuleUtils.nullLiteral;
+import static 
org.apache.flink.table.planner.functions.casting.CastRuleUtils.strLiteral;
+
+/**
+ * {@link LogicalTypeRoot#STRUCTURED_TYPE} to {@link 
LogicalTypeFamily#CHARACTER_STRING} cast rule.
+ */
+class StructuredToStringCastRule extends 
AbstractNullAwareCodeGeneratorCastRule<ArrayData, String> {
+
+    static final StructuredToStringCastRule INSTANCE = new 
StructuredToStringCastRule();
+
+    private StructuredToStringCastRule() {
+        
super(CastRulePredicate.builder().predicate(StructuredToStringCastRule::matches).build());
+    }
+
+    private static boolean matches(LogicalType input, LogicalType target) {
+        return target.is(LogicalTypeFamily.CHARACTER_STRING)
+                && input.is(LogicalTypeRoot.STRUCTURED_TYPE)
+                && LogicalTypeChecks.getFieldTypes(input).stream()
+                        .allMatch(fieldType -> 
CastRuleProvider.exists(fieldType, target));
+    }
+
+    /* Example generated code for MyStructuredType in CastRulesTest:
+
+    builder$287.setLength(0);
+    builder$287.append("{");
+    long f0Value$289 = -1L;
+    boolean f0IsNull$290 = _myInput.isNullAt(0);
+    if (!f0IsNull$290) {
+        f0Value$289 = _myInput.getLong(0);
+        isNull$2 = f0IsNull$290;
+        if (!isNull$2) {
+            result$3 = 
org.apache.flink.table.data.binary.BinaryStringData.fromString("" + 
f0Value$289);
+            isNull$2 = result$3 == null;
+        } else {
+            result$3 = 
org.apache.flink.table.data.binary.BinaryStringData.EMPTY_UTF8;
+        }
+        builder$287.append("a=" + result$3);
+    } else {
+        builder$287.append("a=" + "NULL");
+    }
+    builder$287.append(", ");
+    long f1Value$291 = -1L;
+    boolean f1IsNull$292 = _myInput.isNullAt(1);
+    if (!f1IsNull$292) {
+        f1Value$291 = _myInput.getLong(1);
+        isNull$4 = f1IsNull$292;
+        if (!isNull$4) {
+            result$5 = 
org.apache.flink.table.data.binary.BinaryStringData.fromString("" + 
f1Value$291);
+            isNull$4 = result$5 == null;
+        } else {
+            result$5 = 
org.apache.flink.table.data.binary.BinaryStringData.EMPTY_UTF8;
+        }
+        builder$287.append("b=" + result$5);
+    } else {
+        builder$287.append("b=" + "NULL");
+    }
+    builder$287.append(", ");
+    org.apache.flink.table.data.binary.BinaryStringData f2Value$293 = 
org.apache.flink.table.data.binary.BinaryStringData.EMPTY_UTF8;
+    boolean f2IsNull$294 = _myInput.isNullAt(2);
+    if (!f2IsNull$294) {
+        f2Value$293 = ((org.apache.flink.table.data.binary.BinaryStringData) 
_myInput.getString(2));
+        builder$287.append("c=" + f2Value$293);
+    } else {
+        builder$287.append("c=" + "NULL");
+    }
+    builder$287.append(", ");
+    org.apache.flink.table.data.ArrayData f3Value$295 = null;
+    boolean f3IsNull$296 = _myInput.isNullAt(3);
+    if (!f3IsNull$296) {
+        f3Value$295 = _myInput.getArray(3);
+        isNull$6 = f3IsNull$296;
+        if (!isNull$6) {
+            builder$297.setLength(0);
+            builder$297.append("[");
+            for (int i$299 = 0; i$299 < f3Value$295.size(); i$299++) {
+                if (i$299 != 0) {
+                    builder$297.append(", ");
+                }
+                org.apache.flink.table.data.binary.BinaryStringData 
element$300 = org.apache.flink.table.data.binary.BinaryStringData.EMPTY_UTF8;
+                boolean elementIsNull$301 = f3Value$295.isNullAt(i$299);
+                if (!elementIsNull$301) {
+                    element$300 = 
((org.apache.flink.table.data.binary.BinaryStringData) 
f3Value$295.getString(i$299));
+                    builder$297.append(element$300);
+                } else {
+                    builder$297.append("NULL");
+                }
+            }
+            builder$297.append("]");
+            java.lang.String resultString$298;
+            resultString$298 = builder$297.toString();
+            result$7 = 
org.apache.flink.table.data.binary.BinaryStringData.fromString(resultString$298);
+            isNull$6 = result$7 == null;
+        } else {
+            result$7 = 
org.apache.flink.table.data.binary.BinaryStringData.EMPTY_UTF8;
+        }
+        builder$287.append("d=" + result$7);
+    } else {
+        builder$287.append("d=" + "NULL");
+    }
+    builder$287.append("}");
+    java.lang.String resultString$288;
+    resultString$288 = builder$287.toString();
+    result$1 = 
org.apache.flink.table.data.binary.BinaryStringData.fromString(resultString$288);
+
+     */
+    @Override
+    protected String generateCodeBlockInternal(
+            CodeGeneratorCastRule.Context context,
+            String inputTerm,
+            String returnVariable,
+            LogicalType inputLogicalType,
+            LogicalType targetLogicalType) {
+        StructuredType inputStructuredType = (StructuredType) inputLogicalType;
+
+        final String builderTerm = newName("builder");
+        context.declareClassField(
+                className(StringBuilder.class), builderTerm, 
constructorCall(StringBuilder.class));
+
+        final String resultStringTerm = newName("resultString");
+        final int length = LogicalTypeChecks.getLength(targetLogicalType);
+        final CastRuleUtils.CodeWriter writer =
+                new CastRuleUtils.CodeWriter()
+                        .stmt(methodCall(builderTerm, "setLength", 0))
+                        .stmt(methodCall(builderTerm, "append", 
strLiteral("{")));

Review comment:
       sorry, for the last minute suggestion. but how about we use `(...)` 
instead of `{...}` to distinguish structured types from maps. then they are 
also closer to rows which also use `(...)`




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